{"id":34506,"date":"2026-02-28T07:13:42","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T01:43:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/microtexindia.com\/he-thong-quang-dien-mat-troi\/"},"modified":"2021-12-22T07:12:24","modified_gmt":"2021-12-22T01:42:24","slug":"he-thong-quang-dien-mat-troi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/he-thong-quang-dien-mat-troi\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"34506\" class=\"elementor elementor-34506 elementor-5385\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-181bbc29 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"181bbc29\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-353f6383\" data-id=\"353f6383\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63521eb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"63521eb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1416ed24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1416ed24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o s\u1ea1ch, d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin (t\u1ea5m SPV) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi theo c\u00e1ch sao cho b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40d1492d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"40d1492d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong pin ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/nang-luong-mat-troi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng theo c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i. T\u1ea5m quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi nh\u1ecf x\u00edu m\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed9p g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55a1464d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"55a1464d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2faeb916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2faeb916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i quang n\u0103ng th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 pin chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n (trong <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/san-pham-pin\/ev-pin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">xe \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a> l\u00e0 EV) chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o SPV chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c tia s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d02aec2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d02aec2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng electron. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y n\u00e0y? N\u00f3i chung, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c electron ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed) c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u1eabn c\u00f2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, (v\u00ec ch\u00fang \u1edf xa h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1ecf b\u00ean trong ). N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ef1 do c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c6090f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c6090f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig1.-Energy-band-diagram.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23506\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig1.-Energy-band-diagram.jpg 467w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig1.-Energy-band-diagram-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig1.-Energy-band-diagram-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b0f278b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7b0f278b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00f9ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y hai m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ef1 do \u1edf v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn cao h\u01a1n. Trong ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn. V\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c electron h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ee9t c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ra kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e88bfc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e88bfc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c515e36 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c515e36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi silicon nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 0 K (0 \u0111\u1ed9 Kelvin l\u00e0 &#8211; 273 \u00b0 C), t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong l\u1edbp v\u1ecf electron ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm, do c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 electron t\u1ef1 do. Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f9ng h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn tr\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n \u00edt n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ion h\u00f3a). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed ch\u00ec. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ion h\u00f3a (c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf th\u1ec3 kh\u00ed) c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9t electron th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 716 kJ \/ mol v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho electron th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 1450 kJ \/ mol. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Si l\u00e0 786 v\u00e0 1577 kJ \/ mol.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34087074 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34087074\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ed1ng ( <strong>g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng)<\/strong> trong li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh <strong>t\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p electron-l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng<\/strong> . M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng trong tinh th\u1ec3 silicon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t electron t\u1ef1 do, di chuy\u1ec3n xung quanh tinh th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 sau: M\u1ed9t electron t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft g\u1ea7n l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra nhanh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean &#8211; c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1eeb c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e2n c\u1eadn thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng, g\u1eedi c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn; nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a698ebd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a698ebd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra electron v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng do \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd \u0111i lang thang trong tinh th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng khi ch\u00fang tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c &#8211; m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n &#8220;ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng&#8221; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eb5n. * <strong>M\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 hai phi\u1ebfn m\u1ecfng<\/strong> silicon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1eb9p v\u00e0o nhau v\u00e0 <strong>g\u1eafn v\u00e0o d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e07937c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e07937c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ecfi, silicon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>pha t\u1ea1p<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eaft l\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Pha t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i <strong>vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t<\/strong> v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m silicon tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Silicon c\u00f3 4 electron \u1edf l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng. <strong>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u pha t\u1ea1p d\u01b0\u01a1ng (lo\u1ea1i p)<\/strong> n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 Boron, c\u00f3 3 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ba) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng <strong>(Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn) T\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/strong> Ch\u1ea5t <strong>dopant \u00e2m (lo\u1ea1i n)<\/strong> l\u00e0 <strong>ph\u1ed1t pho<\/strong> , c\u00f3 5 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (ng\u0169 ph\u00e2n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t mang \u00e2m <strong>(Donor) Dopant<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76f0933e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76f0933e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t <strong>l\u1edbp<\/strong> ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u00e1i d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau \u1edf hai ph\u00eda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch. R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng do \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra, g\u1eedi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean kia. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch ra, c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. S\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ea1ch ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-799965ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"799965ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u00e1c b\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 photon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 electron t\u1eeb l\u1edbp P d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng ra kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p PN v\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u1edbp N. L\u1edbp N, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed b\u1ed5 sung ra xa. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c electron th\u1eeba n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0o trong d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u1edbp P d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng, l\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 electron. Do \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tia n\u1eafng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eddfdc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8eddfdc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-207fab68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"207fab68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 14% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 30 &#8211; 40% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. <strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a cao h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 90 \u0111\u1ebfn 95<\/strong> %.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59bae4a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"59bae4a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41610a1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41610a1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb = N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ra h\u1eefu \u00edch \/ N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 15%, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0 1 m <sup>2<\/sup> cho m\u1ed7i 100 W \/ m <sup>2<\/sup> b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1edbi th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 15 W \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ea1ch. <\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o SPV = 15 W \/ m <sup>2\/100 W \/ m 2<\/sup> <sup>=<\/sup> 15%.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p pin axit-ch\u00ec, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t coulombic (ho\u1eb7c Ah ho\u1eb7c ampe-gi\u1edd) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ho\u1eb7c Wh ho\u1eb7c watt gi\u1edd). Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t Ah l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 90% v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 75% <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a5ab82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8a5ab82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bc9e2eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6bc9e2eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47a76cb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47a76cb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 l\u00e0 th\u1ea1ch anh (c\u00e1t) d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o th\u1ee9 hai. Th\u1ea1ch anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 silica ho\u1eb7c silicon dioxide (SiO2) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 liti, natri, kali v\u00e0 titan. <br \/>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m silicon wafer li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ba lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<br \/>a.) C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb th\u1ea1ch anh<br \/>b.) C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea5m silicon t\u1eeb th\u1ea1ch anh v\u00e0 <br \/>c.) C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m silicon<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72a5b07d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72a5b07d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m silicon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1340bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1340bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, <strong>silicon tinh khi\u1ebft<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch <strong>kh\u1eed v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf<\/strong> silicon dioxide kh\u00f4ng tinh khi\u1ebft trong th\u1ea1ch anh. Quy tr\u00ecnh Czochralski (Cz) <strong>:<\/strong> Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p PV hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 polysilicon th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m wafer th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m: tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1n tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh Czochralski (Cz) v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh <strong>\u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng (DS)<\/strong> . S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa hai c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1ch polysilicon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y, c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft t\u1ea5m wafer.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2705743a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2705743a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh Czochralski (Cz)<\/strong> : Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Cz t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nhi\u1ec1u b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01b0a d\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea5m wafer. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n nung c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 24 inch \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 180 kg, c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 35 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y polysilicon trong m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n Cz, nh\u00fang tinh th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 k\u00e9o c\u1ed5, vai, th\u00e2n ra. , v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh n\u00f3n cu\u1ed1i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi Cz h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 150\u2013200 kg. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i 2-4 kg ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u n\u1ed3i trong n\u1ed3i n\u1ea5u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a0c7509 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a0c7509\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng (DS)<\/strong> : C\u00e1c t\u1ea5m DS \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u &#8211; kho\u1ea3ng 800 kg &#8211; gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i khi polysilicon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n th\u1ea1ch anh. Sau khi polysilicon b\u1ecb n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh DS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1y c\u1ee7a ch\u00e9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ecfi Cz, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfi DS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u1eaft h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ecfi sau n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ecfi DS, ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf do n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t cao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-578f01f2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"578f01f2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n nung ch\u1ea3y h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c th\u1ecfi v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m DS c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng vu\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111a tinh th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. C\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 76 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfi DS-silicon \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebb th\u00e0nh 36 vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh c\u1eaft 6 x 6. M\u1ed9t vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 156,75 mm x 156,75 mm (di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t 246 cm2) v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao 286 mm, t\u1ea1o ra 1.040 t\u1ea5m m\u1ed7i vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch khi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ea5m l\u00e1t l\u00e0 180 \u00b5m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 95 \u00b5m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kerf tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5m wafer. Do \u0111\u00f3, 35.000\u201340.000 t\u1ea5m wafer \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i th\u1ecfi DS.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68e67c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68e67c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<br \/>1. https:\/\/sinovoltaics.com\/solar-basics\/solar-cell-production-from-silicon-wafer-to-cell\/<br \/>2. C\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p PV C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n NTIS USA 1982 https:\/\/digital.library.unt.edu\/ark:\/67531\/metadc1060377\/<br \/>3. http:\/\/www.madehow.com\/Volume-1\/Solar-Cell.html#:~:text=To%20make%20solar%20cells%2C%20the,carbon%20dioxide%20and%20molten%20silicon.<br \/>4. Woodhouse, Michael. Brittany Smith, Ashwin Ramdas v\u00e0 Robert Margolis. 2019. Chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00f4-\u0111un quang \u0111i\u1ec7n silicon tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng: \u0110i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed trong 6 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2018. Golden, CO: Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o Qu\u1ed1c gia. https:\/\/www.nrel.gov\/docs\/fy19osti\/72134.pdf. trang 15 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18659372 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"18659372\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c59f4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c59f4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi gi\u00e1 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eaft khe h\u01a1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a8c5945 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a8c5945\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. Pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o PV) th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/lead-acid-battery-chemical-reaction\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 trong pin.<\/a> T\u1ebf b\u00e0o PV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-460c567f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"460c567f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5, c\u00e1c photon \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang cho c\u00e1c electron, t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng electron. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c electron. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ea3y ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ra. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-736ff4b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"736ff4b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6163b442 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6163b442\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SPV \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (ho\u1eb7c Off-Grid): <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20f63eb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"20f63eb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf. \u0110i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn pin th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 pin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. DC t\u1eeb pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh AC; c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c pin n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi 1 kW tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 10 sq. m\u00e9t v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4-\u0111un n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1i nh\u00e0, v.v.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f9d202d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f9d202d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-2.-A-simple-off-grid-solar-system.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-22624\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 2. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-2.-A-simple-off-grid-solar-system.jpg 467w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-2.-A-simple-off-grid-solar-system-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-2.-A-simple-off-grid-solar-system-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 2. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7833bbf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7833bbf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eb3ng (ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn l\u01b0\u1edbi)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f602a98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f602a98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eb3ng (hay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1edbi), c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m SPV s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y <strong><u>kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin.<\/u><\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. Khi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi khi ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f04a654 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f04a654\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n trong nh\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 20 ampe v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra 12 ampe, th\u00ec 8 ampe s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1edbi. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5515ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c5515ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t <strong>nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong> c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khi c\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng v\u1eady. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u00fd do an to\u00e0n v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p cho l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n g\u1eafn l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i khi ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n khi c\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t khi n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi gian nhu c\u1ea7u cao \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1232d054 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1232d054\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn l\u01b0\u1edbi (k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1279a8cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1279a8cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do ch\u00fang ta cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24c9a9c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24c9a9c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 pin l\u01b0u tr\u1eef - T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi (k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c5a3a4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c5a3a4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SPV n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i trong nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng SPV n\u00e0y l\u00e0 (a) B\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n SPV v\u00e0 (b) Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 pin d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a88e18a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a88e18a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u01b0\u1edbi (hybrid) m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dd6e128 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5dd6e128\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<br \/>N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u trong nh\u00e0, th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eeba s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n<br \/>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o pin.<br \/>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<br \/>Chi ph\u00ed \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi cho n\u0103m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh 2018-19 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Rs. 53 m\u1ed7i watt &#8211; Rs. 60 m\u1ed7i watt.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e007ef0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3e007ef0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"467\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-3.-Grid-tied-solar-without-battery.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-23527\" alt=\"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi H\u00ecnh 3. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 pin\" srcset=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-3.-Grid-tied-solar-without-battery.jpg 467w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-3.-Grid-tied-solar-without-battery-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Fig-3.-Grid-tied-solar-without-battery-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 3. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi h\u00f2a l\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 pin<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a5dc384 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3a5dc384\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Fig-4.-Grid-tied-solar-with-battery-storage-1-phzoq2dd0t4rte9uih5x0btsyb8nsmpda9xvlq2pry.jpg\" title=\"Fig 4. Grid tied solar with battery storage\" alt=\"Fig 4. Grid tied solar with battery storage\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Fig 4. Grid tied solar with battery storage<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2229ae5d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2229ae5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c g\u1eafn l\u01b0\u1edbi (k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p) v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef pin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e9c395 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72e9c395\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p> Lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean pin cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi c\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1eddi gian nhu c\u1ea7u cao \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng pin \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1afe80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1afe80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung pin c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang. C\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ph\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao l\u01b0u. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ph\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quang \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24577,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nang-luong-mat-troi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34506","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34506"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34506\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34506"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34506"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34506"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}