{"id":35692,"date":"2026-03-03T11:43:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T06:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/microtexindia.com\/pin-lithium-ion\/"},"modified":"2026-03-03T12:36:39","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T07:06:39","slug":"pin-lithium-ion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/pin-lithium-ion\/","title":{"rendered":"Pin Lithium ion hay Pin axit ch\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"35692\" class=\"elementor elementor-35692 elementor-5158\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2f1cd1e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2f1cd1e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b2b9baf\" data-id=\"b2b9baf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f169da8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f169da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a44be4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a44be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang cho r\u1eb1ng \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169. Pin Lithium ion c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 3 ho\u1eb7c 4 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 axit ch\u00ec 150 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Th\u1ef1c ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00f4 s\u01a1. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6c9c38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c6c9c38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 l\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a pin lithium ion, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Qu\u1ea3 sung. 2 so s\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o pin lithium ion, ch\u00fang dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng 100Wh \/ kg \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Li-FePO4 an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 200Wh \/ kg \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 niken-coban-nh\u00f4m oxit. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 pin axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8882cc8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8882cc8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e3cb18d\" data-id=\"e3cb18d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-737b9c9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"737b9c9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-2-Energy-densities-of-various-battery-chemistries-at-cell-level-pe9qyojooukdg5tnk3qutho6d9n914pagallj7w0e6.jpg\" title=\"Figure-2-Energy-densities-of-various-battery-chemistries-at-cell-level.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-2-Energy-densities-of-various-battery-chemistries-at-cell-level.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 2 M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pin kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e40d600\" data-id=\"e40d600\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52bfb830 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"52bfb830\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-3-Comparison-of-Li-ion-and-Lead-acid-at-cell-and-system-level-pe9r0rqrvlfb8ysfd090cyp1w3cm4wztemsfxcsike.jpg\" title=\"Figure-3-Comparison-of-Li-ion-and-Lead-acid-at-cell-and-system-level.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-3-Comparison-of-Li-ion-and-Lead-acid-at-cell-and-system-level.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 3 So s\u00e1nh pin Lithium ion v\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4c59c9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4c59c9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee9c \u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Qu\u1ea3 sung. 3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pin kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o pin lithium ion th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u1ea3m \u0111i m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd pin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7eb6152 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7eb6152\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 l\u1ea7n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 l\u1ea7n. Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cat\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a lithium, ch\u00fang ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa pin lithium ion v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a pin axit ch\u00ec cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<br>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. Pin lithium ion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bao nhi\u00eau chu k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 80% m\u1ee9c x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3? Hai, ba ngh\u00ecn? B\u1ea3ng 1 \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m cat\u1ed1t Li-ion kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a chu tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cc5728 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4cc5728\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc pin axit ch\u00ec<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78e5ad9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78e5ad9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 mua pin? Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u mua th\u00f9 dai v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua khi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n cho b\u1ea1n hai \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y, hai chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 hai c\u0103n nh\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n cho b\u1ea1n hai chi\u1ebfc pin \u00f4 t\u00f4 SLI. Khi b\u1ea1n mua pin, cho d\u00f9 <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/pin-nang-luong-mat-troi-luu-tru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/a> cho b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n hay UPS v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/bien-tan-pin-cho-gia-dinh\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">acquy bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n<\/a> hay <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/san-pham-pin\/ac-quy-xe-nang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pin k\u00e9o cho xe n\u00e2ng<\/a> , b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c2f1e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c2f1e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin axit ch\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u00e3, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n. Trong m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed thay th\u1ebf pin axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a pin axit ch\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i? V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n, th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y so s\u00e1nh pin axit ch\u00ec v\u1edbi <strong>pin lithium ion<\/strong> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-570add3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"570add3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c96ab1a uael-header-sticky-no uael-border-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-table\" data-id=\"4c96ab1a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"uael-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div itemscope class=\"uael-table-wrapper\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Table\">\n\t\t<table id=\"uael-table-id-4c96ab1a\" class=\"uael-text-break uael-column-rules uael-table\" data-sort-table=\"no\" data-show-entry=\"no\" data-searchable=\"no\" data-responsive=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"0\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-071aff8 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"1\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-365fe86 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">T\u00ean ng\u1eafn<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"2\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-88eda97 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"3\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-e405522 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"4\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-e10fdc8 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"5\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-462db08 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t<!-- ROWS -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr data-entry=\"1\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-84c307a\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Oxit Lithium Coban<br>(LiCoO2)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-9e1df98\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">LCO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-eaac03e\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-6c7ad05\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">150-200<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-5dff2b8\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">500-1000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-80ecd21\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng - tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t khi s\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"2\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-02061ca\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Lithi Mangan Oxit (LiMn2O4)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3a2ec90\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">LMO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-44a940f\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-646b3ed\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">100-150<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-203320d\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">300-700<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-d29278f\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf - an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n LCO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"3\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-eac0ff8\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Lithium Nickel Mangan Coban Oxit (LiNiMnCO2)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-b305366\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">NMC<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-416cea3\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.6\/3.7<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-11b0f89\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">150-220<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-f4d2626\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1000-2000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-85a0c4c\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, EV, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p - v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi cao<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"4\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-f7a9f01\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Lithium S\u1eaft Phosphate (LiFePO4)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-e367242\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">LFP<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-9730d56\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-5d864c5\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">90-120<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3be31be\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1000-2000<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-7571842\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">EV, SLI, Leisure - an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pin lithium ion<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"5\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3fa6030\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Oxit nh\u00f4m Lithium Niken Coban (LiNiCoAlO2)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-cc7c34f\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">NCA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4b7b32b\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-6cc7f5d\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">200-260<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-18d818d\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">500<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-34d9ac8\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng EV (Tesla) TR \u1edf 150C, CL 500<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"6\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3fcdf41\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-e70d81b\" data-title=\"T\u00ean ng\u1eafn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">LTO<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a9b5fee\" data-title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">2.4<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-925db1b\" data-title=\"N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang Wh \/ kg (\u00f4)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">50-80<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-e595d59\" data-title=\"Chu k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-39a48b4\" data-title=\"B\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">B\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c EV (Honda, Mitsubishi). CL 3000-7000 - r\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-644b76dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"644b76dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng chu k\u1ef3 800 \u0111\u1ebfn 2000. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, pin axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 1600 chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn 80% DOD. V\u00ec v\u1eady, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i khi xem x\u00e9t chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu? \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 pin axit-ch\u00ec. Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion so v\u1edbi pin ax\u00edt ch\u00ec l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? Chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium-ion? \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, pin lithium ion \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n bao nhi\u00eau. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed s\u1ebd cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 Li-ion \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang trong kho\u1ea3ng 2-3 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi axit ch\u00ec.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a8df2db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a8df2db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng? Gi\u00e1 trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean internet g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed 12V v\u00e0 100 Ah \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u1ea3 pin lithium ion v\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec:<br>pin lithium ion $ 960 ho\u1eb7c $ 800 \/ kwh <br>Pin axit ch\u00ec $ 215 ho\u1eb7c $ 180 \/ kwh <br>R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin lithium ion ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p 4 l\u1ea7n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin axit ch\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6a3a78a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6a3a78a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fb2422b\" data-id=\"5fb2422b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2dc4639c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2dc4639c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-212bc276\" data-id=\"212bc276\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ebc0ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4ebc0ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-5-Schematic-of-cradle-to-gate-principle-for-battery-manufacturing-phzokvbh8s0pmztjuqb5q512qmum8v2s8k493ns266.jpg\" title=\"Figure-5-Schematic-of-cradle-to-gate-principle-for-battery-manufacturing.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-5-Schematic-of-cradle-to-gate-principle-for-battery-manufacturing.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 5 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u1eeb n\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6463b13a\" data-id=\"6463b13a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-544bf932 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"544bf932\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-6-Cradle-to-Gate-CO2-emissions-for-different-battery-chemistries-phzokcipg3az6skuwi6mc9ruuxf9yx05hz2ji4jxmm.jpg\" title=\"Figure-6-Cradle-to-Gate-CO2-emissions-for-different-battery-chemistries.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-6-Cradle-to-Gate-CO2-emissions-for-different-battery-chemistries.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 6 Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO2 t\u1eeb Cradle to Gate cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pin kh\u00e1c nhau<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-929def3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"929def3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66cb9ca\" data-id=\"66cb9ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2332183e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2332183e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o pin axit-ch\u00ec ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed nh\u1ea5t ngay c\u1ea3 khi l\u1eafp pin axit-ch\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ea1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng Li-ion l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u01a1n axit-ch\u00ec. C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i \u1edf c\u1ed5ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc pin kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong H\u00ecnh. 5 v\u00e0 6.<\/p><p>H\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi pin s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca36259 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca36259\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ea3ng 2 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh t\u00ednh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin lithium ion v\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-581e9dd8 uael-header-sticky-no uael-border-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-table\" data-id=\"581e9dd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"uael-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div itemscope class=\"uael-table-wrapper\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Table\">\n\t\t<table id=\"uael-table-id-581e9dd8\" class=\"uael-text-break uael-column-rules uael-table\" data-sort-table=\"no\" data-show-entry=\"no\" data-searchable=\"no\" data-responsive=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"0\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-8927fbd uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"1\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-3b66551 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"2\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-9591504 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t<!-- ROWS -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr data-entry=\"1\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3e5d9f4\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3 n\u0103m<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-5a6c28d\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">\u1eaec quy<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a9f1899\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Pin Lithium ion<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"2\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3b68a57\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Kh\u1ea5u hao<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-8406812\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">8.30<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-0ceb196\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">16.90<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"3\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-bed4f49\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Diesel (\u0111\u00e3 giao)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-1dbc18b\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">15.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-ba6b823\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">15.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"4\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-671b9dc\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-eb413e2\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">2.46<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4c12b58\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">2.46<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"5\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-2a587ff\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">\u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a88eca3\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1.47<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-357ac36\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1.47<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"6\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3d57a4f\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">S\u1ea1c pin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-8e87a38\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">0.65<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-2a5fe13\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">0.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"7\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a0c0a9a\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">T\u1ed5ng ng\u00e0y \/ th\u00e1ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-ebf54c2\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">28.38\/851<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-c29e091\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">36.83\/1105<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"8\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4f5d44d\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">6 n\u0103m<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"9\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-efde0d6\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Kh\u1ea5u hao<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-fc17e00\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">5.86<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-b285034\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">8.46<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"10\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-acef0ae\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">D\u1ea7u diesel<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-0c612f9\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">15.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-16ebbd6\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">15.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"11\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-2f75d42\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">B\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a3bc6f4\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">2.46<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4b21378\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">2.46<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"12\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-6302c77\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">\u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4a44bf7\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1.47<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-87658b5\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">1.47<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"13\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-f7e5a9e\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">S\u1ea1c pin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-8e5e09f\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">0.54<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-6ecf1c2\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">0.50<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"14\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-76735fd\" data-title=\"M\u1ee5c chi ph\u00ed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">T\u1ed5ng ng\u00e0y \/ th\u00e1ng<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-72f97fe\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">25.83\/775<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-d1a8fcc\" data-title=\"Ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y USD\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">28.39\/852<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e72ca91 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e72ca91\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u1eeb Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ed1c gia Argonne, cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 cho pin lithium ion g\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 4 l\u1ea7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb axit ch\u00ec. V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 coban v\u00e0 mangan v\u00e0 liti kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ngu\u1ed3n cung n\u1ebfu nhu c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3567fb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3567fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63420ff1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63420ff1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong pin axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100% trong khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin lithium ion. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u khi b\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Li, Co, Mn, v.v. ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 pin lithium ion. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Lithium chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 4% t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng Lithium c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng cao (c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao), \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c04afab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c04afab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3? \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean pin n\u00e0y. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3.<br>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn pin lithium ion ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi ph\u00ed, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a pin Li-ion h\u01a1n n\u1eefa so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin axit ch\u00ec.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b9afa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b9afa4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4efc71ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4efc71ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n. Theo hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng pin axit ch\u00ec n\u00e0o b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p pin Li-ion trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ea7m tay v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n. Qu\u1ea3 sung. 7 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc Volvo hybrid m\u1edbi \u1edf Anh ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i n\u00e0y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, pin lithium ion c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y khi \u0111ang s\u1ea1c. <\/p><p><strong>Pin Lithium-ion ch\u00e1y<\/strong><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 7 Ch\u00e1y do pin Li-ion trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n hybrid Volvo: Th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2018-C\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f8ac31e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f8ac31e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-179451c8\" data-id=\"179451c8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33040d03 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33040d03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-7-Fire-caused-by-a-Li-ion-battery-in-a-Volvo-hybrid-electric-vehicle-April-2018-UK-residence-pe9r2t26oo7oejtxgvxwrg7085b8tb2vopobcxrt32.jpg\" title=\"Figure-7-Fire-caused-by-a-Li-ion-battery-in-a-Volvo-hybrid-electric-vehicle-April-2018-UK-residence.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-7-Fire-caused-by-a-Li-ion-battery-in-a-Volvo-hybrid-electric-vehicle-April-2018-UK-residence.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Ch\u00e1y xe Volvo b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y do pin lithium<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b84521\" data-id=\"4b84521\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b2a0a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2b2a0a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Firemen-dousing-the-fire-caused-by-a-lithium-battery-pe9r2t26oo7oejtxgvxwrg7085b8tb2vopobcxrt32.jpg\" title=\"Firemen-dousing-the-fire-caused-by-a-lithium-battery.jpg\" alt=\"Firemen-dousing-the-fire-caused-by-a-lithium-battery.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5d61b0b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5d61b0b5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-51e3c6ca\" data-id=\"51e3c6ca\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-663aac12 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"663aac12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/4ZJR2d0Q1y8&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-33e9805e\" data-id=\"33e9805e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb917b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb917b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Video n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y do pin lithium g\u00e2y ra. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 BMS kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ad0a5b7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ad0a5b7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-08801a9\" data-id=\"08801a9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0ef520 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0ef520\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, pin lithium ion \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n nguy hi\u1ec3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd pin. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u01a1 quan c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa New York v\u1eabn \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y pin lithium ion. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin lithium ion tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94c2bdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"94c2bdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1eeb S\u1edf C\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa New York:<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn b\u00e0i b\u00e1o: \u1ed4 \u0111\u0129a ti\u1ec7n \u00edch AWS ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2016 \u201cCh\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t,\u201d Rogers n\u00f3i. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3. Pin Li-ion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng axit \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u01a1i d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u01a1i trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra &#8220;h\u1eadu v\u1eadn&#8221;, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 sau khi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eadp t\u1eaft. Rogers cho bi\u1ebft, ngay c\u1ea3 khi pin b\u1ecb t\u1eaft, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong t\u1ed1i \u0111a 72 gi\u1edd. -T. S\u1edf c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa Paul Rogers thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a New York \u201d<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2e2ed1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e2e2ed1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin Lithium ion hay Pin axit ch\u00ec?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc8c528 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc8c528\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin Lithium ion ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n axit ch\u00ec. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng do ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng b\u1ed5 sung \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u00ed. Chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec; <span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>Gi\u00e1 thu mua th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1ea5u hao th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a axit ch\u00ec k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf sau:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f162bd8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f162bd8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Gi\u00e1 mua th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 1\/4 c\u1ee7a Li-ion t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li><li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 100% nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i doanh thu b\u1ed5 sung l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 20% chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u pin. Pin Lithium kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ho\u1eb7c quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/li><li>S\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a axit ch\u00ec v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a pin lithium ion<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4d5870 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e4d5870\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>S\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. Lithium v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. C\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium ion.<\/li><li>Kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin ax\u00edt ch\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba so v\u1edbi pin lithium ion.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2ff0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2ff0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c tranh do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin lithium ion v\u1ebd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng axit ch\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin an to\u00e0n, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh cao v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 pin trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73c54fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"73c54fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb9c6f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"eb9c6f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong> M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o niken-kim lo\u1ea1i hy\u0111rua (Ni-MH) ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m pin s\u1ea1c lithium ion th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sony Corporation ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991. Ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0y c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh chu k\u1ef3 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb di \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb3915b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fb3915b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 pin ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn ion cao c\u1ee7a pha r\u1eafn NaAl <sub>11<\/sub> O <sub>17<\/sub> , \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 natri \u03b2-alumina, b\u1edfi Kummer v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Ford Motor Co. <em>[1. Olof Ramsrtomstr\u00f6m, v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i Nobel H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, <\/em>C\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i Nobel H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc 2019; 2. <em>YFY Yao v\u00e0 JT Kummer, J. Inorg. Nucl. Ch\u00e8m. 29, 2453 (1967)<\/em><em>]. <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6475d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6475d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ion trong ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. Ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i Ford \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n r\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng natri n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch natri n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y trong l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn natri ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn \u0111i\u1ec7n li \u1edf gi\u1eefa [N. Weber v\u00e0 JT Kummer, Proc. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m Conf. 21, 37 (n\u0103m 1967)].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83c940f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"83c940f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lithium t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o lithium t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o natri. Ngo\u00e0i ra, lithium c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n natri, m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng liti nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p kim lithium r\u1eafn, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 Li \/ Si v\u00e0 Li \/ Al, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u <em>[<\/em> <em>RA Huggins, J. Power Sources 81\u201382, 13 (1999)].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75899d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75899d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng FeS ho\u1eb7c FeS <sub>2<\/sub> . Khi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi lithium, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c <em>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e0n nguy\u00ean<\/em> , v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c pha ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c pha m\u1edbi <em>[<\/em><em>DR Vissers, Z. Tomczuk v\u00e0 RK Steunenberg, J. Electrochem. Soc. 121, 665 (1974)<\/em><em>].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e59f630 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e59f630\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh khi n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b0d7b7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b0d7b7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Whittingham<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 xen ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 <strong>n\u0103m 1973<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c trong pin. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o <strong>n\u0103m 1976<\/strong> . T\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m <strong>kim lo\u1ea1i liti l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> v\u00e0 titan sunfua (TiS <sub>2<\/sub> ) l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, v\u1edbi liti hexafluorophosphat ( <strong>LiPF <sub>6<\/sub><\/strong> ) l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n trong propylen cacbonat (PC) l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho <strong>Whittingham<\/strong> kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u1ef1 xen ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c trong pin. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2207e88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2207e88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>[(a) Whittingham, MS Electrointercalation in Transition-Metal Disulphides. J. Ch\u00e8m. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1974, 328\u2013329.] (V\u1edbi C\u00f4ng ty Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Exxon).<\/em><br><em>(b) Whittingham, MS Batterie \u00e0 Base de Chalcog\u00e9nures. B\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ec9. 819672, n\u0103m 1975.<\/em><br><em>(c) Whittingham, MS \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc xen k\u1ebd. Khoa h\u1ecdc 1976, 192 (4244), 1126\u20131127. <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f96169d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f96169d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1p xe l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, liti kim lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111u\u00f4i gai \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i khi \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch. <br>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u201ct\u1ebf b\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n ion\u201d (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgh\u1ebf b\u1eadp b\u00eanh\u201d), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. <br>N\u1ebfu v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a lithium v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lithium b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi liti \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf tr\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 3V, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9a liti, v\u00e0 liti n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-910f446 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"910f446\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh ra pin lithium ion?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db5e54d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"db5e54d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 lithium, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1edfi Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Goodenough. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9a liti v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf liti kh\u1ecfi ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Li1-xCoO2 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1980.<br>[K. Mizushima, PC Jones, PJ Wiseman v\u00e0 JB Goodenough, Mater. Res. B\u00f2 \u0111\u1ef1c. 15, 783 (1980)] v\u00e0 Li1 \u2212 xNiO2 <br>[JB Goodenough, K. Mizushima v\u00e0 T. Takada, Jpn. J. Appl. Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. 19 (b\u1ed5 sung 19-3), 305 (1980)]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63c3a79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63c3a79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o emf cao h\u01a1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi liti kim lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1979\/1980 khi John B. Goodenough v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Oxford<br>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng LixCoO2, m\u1ed9t chalcogenide kim lo\u1ea1i xen k\u1ebd kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i MX2, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t. <br><em>[\u0110\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i, JB; Mizushima, K. Ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn ion nhanh. B\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u1ed1. 4,357,215, n\u0103m 1982].<\/em><br><em>[Mizushima, K .; Jones, PC; Wiseman, PJ; Goodenough, JB LixCoO2 (0 &lt;x &lt;-1): M\u1edbi<\/em><br><em>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t cho pin c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Mater. Res. B\u00f2 \u0111\u1ef1c. 1980, 15 (6), 783\u2013789].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-26f7a95 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"26f7a95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-391acc53\" data-id=\"391acc53\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96b6258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96b6258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Li<sub>x<\/sub> TiS<sub>2<\/sub> v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng van der Waals gi\u1eefa coban dioxide (CoO<sub>2<\/sub> ) c\u00e1c l\u1edbp trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ion liti c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u. <strong>Goodenough<\/strong> l\u00fd lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng khi X trong MX<sub>2<\/sub> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 cation t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh s\u1ebd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 do \u00e2m l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cao (\u0394G = -nFE). V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t oxy X, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n, c\u0169ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c ion liti \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 di \u0111\u1ed9ng trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng oxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i g\u1ea7n nhau.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f97b5f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f97b5f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u00fd do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u CoO2 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t cao ~ 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 V so v\u1edbi Li + \/ Li. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m liti tetrafluoroborat (LiBF4) trong propylen cacbonat.<br>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u an\u1ed1t c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf cao h\u01a1n kim lo\u1ea1i liti, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cacbon th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xen ph\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d3deba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8d3deba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-59fe6855 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"59fe6855\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o <strong>n\u0103m 1985<\/strong> khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n do <strong>Akira Yoshino<\/strong> (thu\u1ed9c T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Asahi Kasei) l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ee3i carbon ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo pha h\u01a1i (VGCF) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>than c\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tinh th\u1ec3 (graphitic) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft tinh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft tinh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p><p><em>[Akira Yoshino, S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a pin Li-Ion, C\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Angewandte, Angew., Chem. Int. Ed., <strong>2012<\/strong> , 51, 5798-5800]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d26fa7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d26fa7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, Yoshino \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin lithium-ion ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o chuy\u1ec3n ion. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u LixCoO2 c\u1ee7a Goodenough (th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf thi\u1ebfc) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m polyetylen ho\u1eb7c polypropylen \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n bao g\u1ed3m liti perclorat (LiClO4) trong propylen cacbonat (PC). <br>Yoshino c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean pin. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed5 n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra trong khi pin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng kim lo\u1ea1i lithium ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d94f1e4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d94f1e4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e050bbd\" data-id=\"6e050bbd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d53f83e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4d53f83e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Yoshinos-first-safety-tests-with-his-Li-ion-battery-in-1986-phzoifwhl6p1n9cj16ius937hsthd0fqwjg3gxdo8u.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Yoshinos-first-safety-tests-with-his-Li-ion-battery-in-1986.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Yoshinos-first-safety-tests-with-his-Li-ion-battery-in-1986.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-790aedef\" data-id=\"790aedef\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e84500d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6e84500d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 8. Yoshino ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi pin Li-ion c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1986.<br>A) Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5c s\u1eaft va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi pin<br>B) Nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu pin Li-ion sau va ch\u1ea1m<br>C) Pin an\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i Li sau va ch\u1ea1m<br>[Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Akira Yoshino, S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a pin Li-Ion, C\u00e1c b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Angewandte, Angew., Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51, 5798-5800]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a59c898 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6a59c898\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh pin lithium th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<br>v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, pin Li-ion \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sony th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991 v\u00e0 b\u1edfi li\u00ean doanh c\u1ee7a Asahi Kasei v\u00e0 Toshiba v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992. <br>[Nishi, Y., S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Pin Lithium Ion th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p. Ch\u00e8m. Rec. 2001, 1, 406\u2013413]<br>Pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m t\u1eeb than c\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, LixCoO2 l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) trong propylene carbonate (PC). \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c cao (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 4,1 V), v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ~ 80 Wh \/ kg v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ~ 200 Wh \/ l\u00edt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d53b100 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d53b100\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, pin lithium nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<br>\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng than ch\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. [Fong R, Sacken U von, Dahn JR, Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xen k\u1ebd c\u1ee7a Lithium th\u00e0nh c\u00e1cbon b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc. J. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Soc. 1990, 137 (7), 2009\u20132013]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e6592b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e6592b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng dung m\u00f4i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ethylene cacbonat, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua do nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t pha \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n r\u1eafn (SEI) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c graphit trong chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea1c \/ x\u1ea3, do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u carbon kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb tr\u00f3c v\u1ea3y v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y th\u00eam . [Peled, E. H\u00e0nh vi \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc, M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh xen k\u1ebd ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly r\u1eafn. J. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Soc. N\u0103m 1979, 126 (12), 2047\u20132051.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18303168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18303168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng pin \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 pin lithium-ion th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean than ch\u00ec l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, pin c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c 4,2 V \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ~ 400 Wh \/ l\u00edt.<br>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode m\u1edbi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng pin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 hai v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a Goodenough: v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u spinel Li1-xMn2O4 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u olivin LixFePO4 (LFP).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35755e08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35755e08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>[Padhi, AK; Nanjundaswami, KS; Goodenough, JB Phospho-Olivin l\u00e0m V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cho pin Lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i. J. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Soc. 1997, 144, 1188\u20131194.<\/em><br><em>Thackeray, MM; David, WIF; Bruce, PG; Goodenough, JB Lithium ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o Mangan Spinels. Mater. Res. B\u00f2 \u0111\u1ef1c. N\u0103m 1983, 18, 461\u2013472].<\/em><br>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9 hai b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng so v\u1edbi Li + \/ Li th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi LixCoO2, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c cao. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-150dda7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"150dda7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bba3123\" data-id=\"bba3123\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51c1adf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51c1adf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong xe \u0111i\u1ec7n?\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bd686e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bd686e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c xe \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin Li-ion. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, pin Ni-MH v\u00e0 axit-ch\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang t\u1eeb t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3m do s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a pin Li-ion, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a pin axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 40-50 Wh \/ kg trong khi pin Li-ion c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 150 Wh \/ kg. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho pin axit-ch\u00ec l\u00e0 80-100 Wh \/ l\u00edt trong khi pin Li-ion \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 250 Wh \/ l\u00edt.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02ecfa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02ecfa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u00e2m niken-coban-nh\u00f4m (NCA) v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p silicon \/ graphite, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c g\u00f3i pin Tesla m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t (2019-2020), \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t kho\u1ea3ng 270 Wh \/ kg v\u00e0 650 Wh \/ l\u00edt. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Licerion c\u1ee7a Sion Power tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 500 Wh \/ kg v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 1000 Wh \/ L v\u00e0&gt; 450 chu k\u1ef3 trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 0,4 Ah.<br>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin nh\u1ecf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Wh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kWh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Wh chia cho 103 s\u1ebd cho kWh.<br>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 850 Wh = 850\/1000 = 0,850 kWh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e89abfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e89abfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/san-pham-pin\/ev-pin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pin EV<\/a> ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 140 -170 Wh \/ kg. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 pin thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 40%, ho\u1eb7c 80 -120 Wh \/ kg. S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 song song, BMS v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t (l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m). V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u00f3i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 28%.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33b375 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e33b375\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i. C\u1ea3 hai <em>C\u00f4ng ty C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Amperex \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i Limited, Trung Qu\u1ed1c <\/em><em>(<\/em> <em>CATL)<\/em> v\u00e0 Tesla \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u00f4-\u0111un v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u00f4 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. CATL \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 <strong><u>l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cell-to-pack<\/u><\/strong> . Trong khi th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm, c\u00f4ng ty tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean 10-15% v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean 15-20%. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m 40% c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho b\u1ed9 pin. [https: \/\/cleantechnica.com\/2020\/02\/18\/how-catl-lithium-iron-phosphate-bataries-could-be-leading-to-100-kwh-tesla-model-3\/]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcb62c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fcb62c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh pin Lithium<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85b472a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85b472a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IEC) v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u chung \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium-ion.<\/p><p> [ <em>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 pin lithium th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng,<\/em> \u1ee6y ban K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, IEC 61960-1 v\u00e0 IEC 61960-2 v\u00e0 <strong>IS 16047: 2012<\/strong> ].<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 ra y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c trong khi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chung, ch\u1eef c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cat\u1ed1t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ba ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p><p>Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: I &#8211; H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc liti-ion<\/p><p>Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai: C- coban, F- s\u1eaft, Fp &#8211; s\u1eaft photphat, N- niken, M-mangan, Mp- mangan photphat, T- titan, V \u2013vanadi v\u00e0 x &#8211; nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p><p>Ch\u1eef c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 ba: R- h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, P-l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d2ab503 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d2ab503\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean theo sau ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm v\u00e0 ba s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ec1u cao b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi mm. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u ICR19 \/ 66 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithium c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m coban c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00e0&gt; 18 mm v\u00e0 \u2264 19 mm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0&gt; 65 mm v\u00e0 \u2264 66 mm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b70fdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9b70fdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng hai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm, hai s\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm v\u00e0 hai s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mm. Do \u0111\u00f3, k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u t\u1ebf b\u00e0o IMP9 \/ 35\/150 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithium h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cat\u1ed1t mangan c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 &gt; 8 mm v\u00e0 \u2264 9 mm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 &gt; 34 mm v\u00e0 \u2264 35 mm v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 &gt; 149 mm v\u00e0 \u2264 150 mm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-86c46a7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"86c46a7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7949b81e\" data-id=\"7949b81e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10cb25a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10cb25a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin Lithium-ion ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-189a7d7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"189a7d7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">pin lithium ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f1d7601 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f1d7601\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kim lo\u1ea1i liti c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed 3, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 0,534 g \/ cc, c\u00f3 th\u1ebf kh\u1eed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p (c\u1eb7p Li <sup>+<\/sup> \/ Li -3,05 V so v\u1edbi SHE) v\u00e0 dung t\u00edch ri\u00eang l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 3860 Ah \/ kg (2061 mAh \/ cc) l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i. (So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ch\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed 82, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 11,29 g \/ cc, dung t\u00edch ri\u00eang l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 257,8 Ah \/ kg v\u00e0 th\u1ebf kh\u1eed ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 -0,35V so v\u1edbi SHE).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5db413 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c5db413\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin Lithium ion - V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6c533c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6c533c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c oxit h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 LiCoO2 ho\u1eb7c LiMnO2 ho\u1eb7c LiFePO4. \u0110i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 than ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cacbon v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (ch\u1ee9a mu\u1ed1i d\u1eabn liti ph\u00e2n ly nh\u01b0 LIPF6) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng polypropylene (PP) ho\u1eb7c polyethene (PE) ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c ion lithium di chuy\u1ec3n qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xen k\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4438c2bc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4438c2bc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ea49340\" data-id=\"1ea49340\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cfc4108 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2cfc4108\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-1.-An-exploded-view-of-a-Li-ion-cell-phzohy1jzc0lio2gxgsxyvlg7h9iargui31vco45j2.jpg\" title=\"Figure-1.-An-exploded-view-of-a-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-1.-An-exploded-view-of-a-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a7c72ad\" data-id=\"6a7c72ad\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7867a3f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7867a3f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 9. Quang c\u1ea3nh b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium ion<\/p><p><em>Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Zhang Z., Ramadass P. (2012) H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Pin Lithium-Ion. Trong: Meyers RA (eds) Encyclopaedia of Sustainable Science and Technology. Springer, New York, NY, trang 6124.<\/em> http s: \/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-0851-3_663<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5edf84c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5edf84c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1ch s\u1ea1c pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-749444d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"749444d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong <strong>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium ion (LIB), <strong>c\u00e1c ion lithium t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed xen k\u1ebd (ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t) v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/strong> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c <strong>ion lithium n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xen k\u1ebd v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t<\/strong> . S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion t\u1eeb anot sang catot k\u00e8m theo s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c electron ch\u1ea1y trong m\u1ea1ch ngo\u00e0i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra trong <strong>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c<\/strong> khi <strong>c\u00e1c ion liti di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 xen k\u1ebd trong c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/strong> . LIB th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> , LiMn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> v\u00e0 LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7edb3c8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7edb3c8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m carbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 5 %\u201310% ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh cao ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u01b0 polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) v\u00e0 polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi cacbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 PVDF n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e3c5cae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e3c5cae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch x\u1ed1p (m\u00e0ng polyetylen ho\u1eb7c polypropylen d\u00e0y 10\u201320 \u00b5m) ng\u00e2m trong dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n (LiPF6 trong dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1). C\u1ea3 dung d\u1ecbch t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn ion t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecf kim lo\u1ea1i theo ki\u1ec3u Jellyroll v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch nh\u00fang ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u1edf gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a LIB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-357327e4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"357327e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i Lithium-ion (Li-ion) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n \/ chi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ion lithium (Li <sup>+<\/sup> ) (lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch) v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ma tr\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e8n lithium khi ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra. Pin lithium ion \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 pin gh\u1ebf b\u1eadp b\u00eanh v\u00ec c\u00e1c ion lithium \u201c\u0111\u00e1\u201d qua l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-399cbcb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"399cbcb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 oxit kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <strong>oxit liti coban<\/strong> (LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> ), ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 <strong>oxit mangan liti (LiMn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> )<\/strong> , ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng nh\u00f4m . <strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <strong>cacbon graphit<\/strong> , c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch, c\u00e1c ion liti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng gian k\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o liti.<\/p><p>B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cho pin lithium-ion l\u00e0 m\u00e0ng vi x\u1ed1p polyolefin polyetylen (PE) v\u00e0 polypropylen (PP).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-20060c3d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20060c3d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dfac628\" data-id=\"dfac628\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41f81efa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"41f81efa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Figure-xx.-Discharge-mechanism-in-a-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh-xx.-C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1ea3-trong-m\u1ed9t-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh-xx.-C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1ea3-trong-m\u1ed9t-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 10. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium ion (H\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a PG Balakrishnan)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-147e88bf\" data-id=\"147e88bf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e59a08c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3e59a08c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Charge-mechanism-in-a-Li-ion-cell-pe9r5zqhugknqz7cv9ie7n98p5m0wdq4sh9jwp1rzy.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Charge-mechanism-in-a-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Charge-mechanism-in-a-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b34e353 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b34e353\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-58724913\" data-id=\"58724913\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4be0f098 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4be0f098\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75e33836 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75e33836\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chung sau \u0111\u00e2y x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p><p>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p><p> LiMO <sub>2<\/sub> \u21d4 Li <sub>1-x<\/sub> MO <sub>2<\/sub> + x Li <sup>+<\/sup> + xe <sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/p><p>Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m:<\/p><p> C + y Li <sup>+<\/sup> + ye <sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u21d4 Li <sub>y<\/sub> C<\/p><p><strong>T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o:<\/strong><\/p><p>LiMO <sub>2<\/sub> + x \/ y C \u21d4 x \/ y Li <sub>y<\/sub> C + Li <sub>1-x<\/sub> MO <sub>2<\/sub><\/p><p>M = c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Co, Mn, Ni, Ti, v.v.<\/p><p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 0,5 v\u00e0 y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 0,16, do \u0111\u00f3 x \/ y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 3<em>. [<\/em><em>Jeff Dahn v\u00e0 Grant M. Ehrlich. \u201cPin Lithium ion\u201d, S\u1ed5 tay v\u1ec1 Pin c\u1ee7a Linden, \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n <sup>l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/sup> 4, Thomas B. Reddy (Ed.), McGraw <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72543e38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72543e38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n r\u1eafn (SEI)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f40b9b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f40b9b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong pin lithium. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o Li ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao h\u01a1n, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 4,2 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i lithium c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh nh\u01b0 lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium hexafluoro arsenate (LiAsF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), lithium trifluoromethanesulphonate (LiCF3SO3), lithium difluoro (oxalat), v.v. , l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (mu\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ly duy tr\u00ec), ch\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u dung m\u00f4i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i cao, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ly ion d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion Li c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Nh\u1eefng dung m\u00f4i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc solvat h\u00f3a cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion Li, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anion \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cdc4f0a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6cdc4f0a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00f4i cao l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao h\u01a1n<\/strong> d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn <strong>t\u00ednh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m<\/strong> . \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn ion th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, <strong>dung m\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p<\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi dung m\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u00e1c <strong>dung m\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n ly ion th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/strong> , n\u00ean b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u1ed9n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn ion t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh di \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. L\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a etylen cacbonat (EC) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cacbonat alkyl m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng \u00edt nh\u1edbt h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 dimetyl cacbonat (DMC), dietyl cacbonat (DEC) v\u00e0 etyl metyl cacbonat (EMC) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong LIB c\u00f3 b\u00e1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b01453c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b01453c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dung m\u00f4i aprotic l\u00e0 ete, este v\u00e0 alkyl cacbonat: Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 dietyl ete (DEE), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxolan, etylen cacbonat (EC), propylen cacbonat (PC), \u0111imetyl cacbonat (DMC), dietyl cacbonat (DEC), etyl metyl cacbonat (EMC), metyl fomat, \u03b3-butyrolacton (BL), metyl axetat, axetonitril (AN), \u0111imetyl sulfoxit (DMSO), \u0111imetylformamit (DMF), metyl clorua, nitrometan, v.v.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e3a2646 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e3a2646\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u1ecfng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i liti trong m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 cacbonat<\/p><p>Propylen cacbonat (PC) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u1ebfu graphit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec ch\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t graphit; M\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 EC ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1ecf LiBOB) Li bisoxalato borat), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c graphit v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng xen k\u1ebd v\u1edbi lithium, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00f3c da.<\/p><p>Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn (c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ion \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0<\/p><p>ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n). Mu\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n li th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cacbonat. M\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i v\u1edbi ethylene cacbonat (EC) l\u00e0 m\u1eabu s\u1ed1 chung cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f17c2eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4f17c2eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c pha \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i r\u1eafn (SEI) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i. Khi nh\u00fang m\u1ed9t kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee7a pin, ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u00e2m l\u00ean cacbon ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c tr\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00fang trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, SEI b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p><p>L\u1edbp SEI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c khi kim lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly. SEI l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7n lithium, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a pin. \u0110\u1ed9 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fdcd264 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fdcd264\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf tr\u00ean, pin ki\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m th\u1ed5 s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng h\u00f2a tan ho\u1eb7c \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t SEI ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi liti (ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly xen k\u1ebd r\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed anion mu\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 LiF, LiCl v\u00e0 Li <sub>2<\/sub> O, ch\u00fang k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo sau b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n SEI kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan nh\u01b0 Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c polyme v\u00e0 b\u00e1n cacbonat h\u00f2a tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e551394 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e551394\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c cacbon, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 SEI \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i cacbon, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tro, lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng tinh th\u1ec3, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng baz\u01a1-c\u1ea1nh), nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i dung m\u00f4i, mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Trong l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a pin lithium-ion, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hao h\u1ee5t dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i\u201d (Q <sub>IR<\/sub> ) ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh SEI.<\/p><p>Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh SEI, Q <sub>IR<\/sub> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1eed h\u00f2a tan (Q <sub>SP<\/sub> ).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29b06fd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29b06fd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>SEI kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a pin. N\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1p xe \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u x\u1ea3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. <br>SEI trong c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) v\u00e0 lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF6) c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf su\u1ea5t g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1edfi lo\u00e0i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng giao di\u1ec7n cao c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng lithium trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n LiPF6 v\u00e0 LiAsF6. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Li2CO3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chu tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a lithium [J Electrochem Soc., 164 (7) A1703-A1719 (2017)].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e94e85e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1e94e85e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch cho pin lithium-ion <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed6f117 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ed6f117\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch cho pin lithium-ion l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e0ng vi x\u1ed1p polyolefin v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 polyetylen (PE) v\u00e0 polypropylen (PP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o theo hai tr\u1ee5c, PE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o theo hai tr\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c PP \/ PE \/ PP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o theo nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ee5c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17dcbf81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17dcbf81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b94ee88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5b94ee88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin Lithium ion s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb cacbon, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng oxit titan-niobi, h\u1ee3p kim Li-Si, v.v. B\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-679b2c04 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"679b2c04\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-51d7deb1\" data-id=\"51d7deb1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44fe5d4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"44fe5d4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-A-summary-of-some-present-and-future-electrode-chemistry-options-for-Li-ion-batteries-pe9r6rxnjhn9fa2ealp7ag52ipr1bau2wcu4azvyta.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-A-summary-of-some-present-and-future-electrode-chemistry-options-for-Li-ion-batteries.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-A-summary-of-some-present-and-future-electrode-chemistry-options-for-Li-ion-batteries.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2e441586\" data-id=\"2e441586\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13d31883 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13d31883\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 12. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho pin Lithium ion. Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Li (Si) b\u1eb1ng 50% dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p><p><em>[Ngu\u1ed3n: Yu Miao, Patrick Hynan, Annette von Jouanne v\u00e0 Alexandre Yokochi, Energies 2019, 12, 1074; doi: 10.3390 \/ en12061074]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f825a80 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f825a80\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6dd14009\" data-id=\"6dd14009\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16912f79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16912f79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p><p><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithium v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f96a32d uael-header-sticky-no uael-border-yes elementor-widget elementor-widget-uael-table\" data-id=\"4f96a32d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"uael-table.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div itemscope class=\"uael-table-wrapper\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Table\">\n\t\t<table id=\"uael-table-id-4f96a32d\" class=\"uael-text-break uael-column-rules uael-table\" data-sort-table=\"no\" data-show-entry=\"no\" data-searchable=\"no\" data-responsive=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t<thead>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"0\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-f2b92af uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"1\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-82b2f16 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"2\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-3a05849 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"3\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-fb7ef46 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li-MnO2 (LMO)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"4\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-aedfed9 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"5\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-aad75df uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li Titanate (LTO)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<th data-sort=\"6\" class=\"sort-this elementor-repeater-item-34ebf06 uael-table-col uael-table-head-cell-text\" scope=\"col\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sort-style\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Li Coban Oxit (LCO)<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\n\t\t\t\t<tbody>\n\t\t\t<!-- ROWS -->\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<tr data-entry=\"1\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3f44ae9\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p danh \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4 (V)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-de398b5\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-656db90\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.65 (2.7-4.2)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-3b0b134\" data-title=\"Li-MnO2 (LMO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.8<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-01dc001\" data-title=\"Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.25 (2-3.6)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-1e92144\" data-title=\"Li Titanate (LTO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.2<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-74bd9ad\" data-title=\"Li Coban Oxit (LCO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">3.6<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"2\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4e108c4\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft (Wh \/ kg)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4b55101\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">279<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-a6743b4\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">256<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-1505b6f\" data-title=\"Li-MnO2 (LMO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">148<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-4d99da5\" data-title=\"Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">128 (373)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-0b390ea\" data-title=\"Li Titanate (LTO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">293 (175)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-b7c8f5e\" data-title=\"Li Coban Oxit (LCO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">274 (370) (x = 0,5)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"3\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-5ba5945\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u1ef1c \u00e2m (Ah \/ Kg) Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng so v\u1edbi Li \/ Li + (V)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-59b22fa\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">180-200 (3.8)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-df9aedb\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">200<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-747ff39\" data-title=\"Li-MnO2 (LMO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">148 (4.1)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-eb62205\" data-title=\"Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">150-170 (3.45)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-86f3143\" data-title=\"Li Titanate (LTO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">175<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-d391cd7\" data-title=\"Li Coban Oxit (LCO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">274 (3,9) (x = 0,5)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"4\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-552868e\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang cho c\u1ef1c \u00e2m (Wh \/ Kg)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-149cf16\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">680-760<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-61cd0c4\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">610-680<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-b398c38\" data-title=\"Li-MnO2 (LMO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">410-492 548<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-659f3d6\" data-title=\"Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">518-587 544<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-337c93c\" data-title=\"Li Titanate (LTO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">--<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-42e37c2\" data-title=\"Li Coban Oxit (LCO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">546<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr><tr data-entry=\"5\" class=\"uael-table-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-51acead\" data-title=\"V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cathode\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">S\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-9b487f6\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Co-Al (NCA)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">an to\u00e0n<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-c0b48c1\" data-title=\"Li-Ni-Mn-Co (NMC)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-e8c3556\" data-title=\"Li-MnO2 (LMO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">An to\u00e0n<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-f91c497\" data-title=\"Li-Iron Phosphate (LFP)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">Cao<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-0ca3bfc\" data-title=\"Li Titanate (LTO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">R\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<td class=\"uael-table-col uael-table-body-cell-text elementor-repeater-item-93e772c\" data-title=\"Li Coban Oxit (LCO)\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"uael-table__text-inner\">V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\n\t<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78882338 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78882338\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-154a45c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"154a45c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m cat\u1ed1t ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79ad5bdd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79ad5bdd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>\u0110\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn lithium khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o.<\/li><li>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i xen k\u1ebd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u00edt thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e0i, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ampe gi\u1edd cao v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/li><li>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cao v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i liti ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf cao so v\u1edbi liti.<\/li><li>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ion lithium trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i cao.<\/li><li>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed, vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n trong m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58d0fe8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58d0fe8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. Trong LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> , s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ion lithium \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t nanomet. [<em>Jeff Dahn v\u00e0 Grant M. Ehrlich. \u201cPin lithium ion\u201d, S\u1ed5 tay Pin c\u1ee7a Linden, \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n <sup>l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/sup> 4, Thomas B. Reddy (Ed.), McGraw Hill, trang 26.6, 2011]<\/em><\/p><p>C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (PAM) trong pin Lithium ion kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh <strong>ba lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn [<\/strong> <em>Arumugam Manthiram, Nature Communications (2020) 11: 1550].<\/em> H\u1ecd \u0111ang:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53f43b27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"53f43b27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00d4x\u00edt ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp - v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6949a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a6949a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00f4xit thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t LiMO <sub>2<\/sub> (trong \u0111\u00f3 M = vanadi, crom, coban v\u00e0 niken) k\u1ebft tinh theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp trong \u0111\u00f3 ion Li <sup>+<\/sup> v\u00e0 M <sup>3+<\/sup> chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef [c\u00e1c l\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mu\u1ed1i m\u1ecf thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a O-Li-OMO. <\/p><p>Trong cat\u1ed1t \u00f4x\u00edt ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> , s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ion Li <sup>+<\/sup> v\u00e0 Co <sup>3+<\/sup> h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb ba d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 cation t\u1ed1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n lithium-ion hai chi\u1ec1u nhanh trong m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng lithium.<\/p><p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n &#8211; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1eaft, vanadi v\u00e0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-238ece2b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"238ece2b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7aa7892e\" data-id=\"7aa7892e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d0bb5d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5d0bb5d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Simplified-schematic-of-a-layered-structure-in-which-there-is-alternate-occupation-of-the-phzofvsazf6y1h2bz2pezwc1a1fieoa1vviift696m.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Simplified-schematic-of-a-layered-structure-in-which-there-is-alternate-occupation-of-the.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Simplified-schematic-of-a-layered-structure-in-which-there-is-alternate-occupation-of-the.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5510fd1b\" data-id=\"5510fd1b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c963f20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c963f20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 13. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a<\/p><p>c\u00e1c l\u1edbp cation gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ion oxit \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p><p>[Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: <em>Robert A. Huggins, Pin n\u00e2ng cao, C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, Springer, New York, 2009, tr.168]<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e37791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9e37791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed1t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ion lithium cao mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nhanh v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, LiCoO2 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ef1c \u00e2m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao ~ 4 V.<br>hai th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u00e2m sunfua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb&lt; 2,5 V \u0111\u1ebfn ~ 4 V m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng liti kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f9a4099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3f9a4099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Oxit Spinel - v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79f893ee elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79f893ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u1edbp th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a cat\u1ed1t l\u00e0 Spinel LiMn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> . (C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c chung l\u00e0 AB <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> ). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ion oxit song song tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng (111), v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ed b\u00e1t di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u1ed1i tr\u00ed t\u1ee9 di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng ion oxit. S\u1ed1 trang tr\u00ed b\u00e1t di\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 ion oxit, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 trang tr\u00ed t\u1ee9 di\u1ec7n. T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ba chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ion lithium cao cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhanh h\u01a1n cho Li <sub>1<\/sub> <sub>&#8211;<\/sub> <sub>x<\/sub> Mn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t so v\u1edbi LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> .<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d3b3ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31d3b3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng khi \u0111i t\u1eeb LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> sang LiMn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00ec mangan c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n hai b\u1eadc so v\u1edbi Co. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi LiMn <sub>2<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan mangan t\u1eeb m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (m\u1ee9c ppm) c\u1ee7a ion H <sup>+<\/sup> (t\u00ednh axit) trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n do s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Mn <sup>3 +<\/sup> th\u00e0nh Mn <sup>4+<\/sup> v\u00e0 Mn <sup>2+<\/sup> trong axit.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-58bf283d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"58bf283d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4d1b7dc8\" data-id=\"4d1b7dc8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75a383f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75a383f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Schematic-of-the-spinel-structure-in-which-the-cations-are-distributed-between-the-close-packed-phzofdxddkihwvs9vczi6iu9zpvjcfb5hf4abjwqgu.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Schematic-of-the-spinel-structure-in-which-the-cations-are-distributed-between-the-close-packed.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Schematic-of-the-spinel-structure-in-which-the-cations-are-distributed-between-the-close-packed.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-42904304\" data-id=\"42904304\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62aea7ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62aea7ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 14. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac spinel trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c cation \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i (111) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion oxit gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ee9 di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1t di\u1ec7n <em>[<\/em> Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: <em>Robert A. Huggins, Pin n\u00e2ng cao, C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, Springer, New York, 2009, tr.17].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a116094 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a116094\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c \u00e2m Lithium-Nickel-Mangan Oxide (LNMO) \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a pin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean LNMO. <em>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o pin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ef1c \u00e2m LNMO mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lithium hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47d1f0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"47d1f0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u0111ang thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u &amp; ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o pin LNMO. https: \/\/blog.topsoe.com\/the-cathode-material-for-next-generation-lithium-ion-bataries-is-ready<\/p><p>G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ni v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng coban trong cat\u1ed1t NMC \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u <em>[<\/em> <em>Li, W., Erickson., E. &amp; Manthiram, A. , Nat. N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 5, 26<\/em> <em>&#8211;<\/em> <em>24 (2020)].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ea3c0e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1ea3c0e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Poly-anion oxit - v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u cat\u1ed1t trong pin lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d63ee19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2d63ee19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lo\u1ea1i oxit th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 oxit polyanion. C\u00e1c oxit polyanion nh\u01b0 Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (MoO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (WO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e8n \/ chi\u1ebft thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a hai ion liti tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra Li <sub>2<\/sub> Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (MoO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> ho\u1eb7c Li <sub>2<\/sub> Fe <sub>2<\/sub> ( WO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a<\/p><p><em> [<\/em><em>Manthiram, A., Goodenough, JB Lithium ch\u00e8n khung Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (MO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> : so s\u00e1nh M = W v\u1edbi M = Mo. J. Chem tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn. 71, 349<\/em><em>&#8211;<\/em> <em>360 (1987)].<\/em> <\/p><p>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Manthiram v\u00e0 Goodenough,<\/p><p>[Manthiram, A. &amp; Goodenough, JB ch\u00e8n Lithium v\u00e0o khung Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (MO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> : so s\u00e1nh M = W v\u1edbi M = Mo. J. Chem tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn. 71, 349\u2013360 (1987). Ch\u00e8n Manthiram, A. &amp; Goodenough, JB Lithium v\u00e0o khung Fe <sub>2<\/sub> (SO <sub>4<\/sub> ) <sub>3<\/sub> . J. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 26, 403\u2013406 (1989).] <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e08174f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e08174f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t ch\u1ee9a lithium l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh olivin LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m [Padhi, AK, Nanjundaswamy, KS &amp; Goodenough, JB Phospho-Olivin l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cho pin lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i. J. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Soc. 144, 1188\u20131194 (1997] v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997.<\/p><p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1edbp \u00f4x\u00edt polyanion c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed k\u00e9m. [ <em>Arumugam Manthiram, Nature Communications (2020) 11: 1550].<\/em> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4bf77646 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4bf77646\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t ch\u1ee9a lithium l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh olivin LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c \u00e2m [Padhi, AK, Nanjundaswamy, KS &amp; Goodenough, JB Phospho-Olivin l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cho pin lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i. J. \u0110i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a. Soc. 144, 1188\u20131194 (1997] v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997.<\/p><p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1edbp oxit polyanion c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed k\u00e9m. [ <em>Arumugam Manthiram, Nature Communications (2020) 11: 1550].<\/em> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-36d703e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"36d703e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-363f382e\" data-id=\"363f382e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48b90bf3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48b90bf3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Cathode - Pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e4287f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79e4287f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cat\u1ed1t oxit kim lo\u1ea1i liti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb <u>liti cacbonat v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn<\/u> b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng thay th\u1ebf h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong dung d\u1ecbch. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4. <\/p><p>LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra trong h\u00ecnh <strong>.<\/strong> Tricoban tetraoxit (Co <sub>3<\/sub> 0 <sub>4<\/sub> ) v\u00e0 liti cacbonat (Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> ) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec1u, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung trong lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 950\u00baC. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1-3 pm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-643e4b8f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"643e4b8f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m an to\u00e0n, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong mu\u1ed1n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang l\u1edbn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn k\u00e8m theo s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y <em>[Yoshio Nishi, trong Pin Lithium ion, M. Wakihara v\u00e0 0. Yamamoto (Eds.). trang 192-193].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76f7f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"76f7f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin lithium ion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-20b6b667 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20b6b667\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6fbd9eeb\" data-id=\"6fbd9eeb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76d9b085 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"76d9b085\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-making-Li-CoO2-phzoev4lkvsrgojkx4uysnl240g72h8iqu2kq0olxa.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-making-Li-CoO2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-making-Li-CoO2.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c9e9099\" data-id=\"4c9e9099\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2563539e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2563539e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 15. L\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o Li-CoO <sub>2<\/sub><\/p><p><em>[Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Yoshio Nishi, trong Pin Lithium ion, M. Wakihara v\u00e0 0. Yamamoto (Eds.). trang 192-193].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a7e09b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a7e09b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p lithium coban c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n: \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u1ef1a PVA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u (Co <sub>3<\/sub> 0 <sub>4<\/sub> v\u00e0 Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> )) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t . B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u00eau k\u1ebft c\u00e1c vi\u00ean trong lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed C0 <sub>2<\/sub> th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t liti coban c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh 20pm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. \u0110i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u lithium cacbonat (Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> ) trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Li \/ Co trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00f4, v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i ra, LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> d\u01b0.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-756078a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"756078a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u1ef1a PVA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 (Co304 v\u00e0 Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> ) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean n\u00e9n d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u00eau k\u1ebft, Lithium coban oxit c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111o ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a liti cacbonat Li <sub>2<\/sub> CO <sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 oxit coban, Co <sub>3<\/sub> O <sub>4<\/sub> ho\u1eb7c coban kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf 600\u2013800 \u00b0 C, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1ee7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1edf 900 \u00b0 C trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng oxy.<\/p><p>N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nung oxit ng\u1eadm n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi hydroxit liti l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 750\u2013900 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4514d991 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4514d991\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 ba s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng liti axetat, axetat coban v\u00e0 axit xitric v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mol b\u1eb1ng nhau trong dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc. Gia nhi\u1ec7t \u1edf 80 \u00b0 C bi\u1ebfn h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng gel trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1edbt. Gel kh\u00f4 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 550 \u00b0 C. (https: \/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lithium_cobalt_oxide).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e54504c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e54504c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sol-gel<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6f4a70 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6f4a70\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3087564\" data-id=\"3087564\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-554889d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"554889d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong quy tr\u00ecnh sol-gel, dung d\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o chelat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn. Dung m\u00f4i bay h\u01a1i ch\u1eadm t\u1ea1o ra sol v\u00e0 \u0111un n\u00f3ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i sol thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra gel. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75c4db65 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"75c4db65\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1.<\/strong><\/p><p><strong>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/strong> C\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 coban nitrat hexa hi\u0111rat (Co (NO <sub>3<\/sub> ) <sub>2<\/sub> .6H <sub>2<\/sub> O, v\u00e0 liti nitrat, LiNO <sub>3<\/sub> khan. Gel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau: axit xitric, khan (C <sub>3<\/sub> H <sub>4<\/sub> OH (COOH) <sub>3<\/sub> , glycine, (H <sub>2<\/sub> NCH <sub>2<\/sub> COOH); tinh b\u1ed9t (tinh b\u1ed9t ng\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gelatine).<\/p><p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a LiNO <sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 Co (NO <sub>3<\/sub> ) <sub>2<\/sub> .6H <sub>2<\/sub> O trong 20 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 Li: Co = 1.1: 1. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ph\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i dung d\u1ecbch: ( <em>i<\/em> ) axit xitric (4,611 g) pha lo\u00e3ng trong 5 ml n\u01b0\u1edbc; ( <em>ii<\/em> ) glyxin (1,501 g); ( <em>iii<\/em> ) tinh b\u1ed9t (1.250 g); ( <em>iv<\/em> ) gelatine (3.500 g) v\u00e0 ( <em>v<\/em> ) m\u1eabu th\u1eed tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b5a489b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b5a489b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ed1n dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 70 \u0111\u1ebfn 80 \u00b0 C trong b\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a glycerine cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh gel. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o gel: ( <em>i<\/em> ) axit xitric (5 gi\u1edd), ( <em>ii<\/em> ) glycine (3 gi\u1edd), ( <em>iii<\/em> ) tinh b\u1ed9t (1 gi\u1edd), ( <em>iv<\/em> ) gelatine (3 gi\u1edd) . Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t k\u1ebft tinh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong l\u00f2 nung m\u00fap: \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nung v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u1edf 300 \u00b0 C trong 20-30 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 nung \u1edf 700 \u00b0 C trong 24 gi\u1edd. <em>[Bruno GA Freitas v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, J. Braz. Ch\u00e8m. Soc. 28, 11, th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2017].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37cfb2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37cfb2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2.<\/strong><\/p><p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Sol-Gel<\/p><p>LiNO3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong dung d\u1ecbch axit xitric. LiNO3, Ni (NO3) 2.6H2O Co (Ac) 2.4H2O v\u00e0 Mg (NO3) 2.6H2O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a lithium, niken, coban v\u00e0 magie trong LiNi <sub>0,7<\/sub> <sub>&#8211;<\/sub> <sub>\ud835\udc65<\/sub> M <sub>\ud835\udc65<\/sub> Co <sub>0,3<\/sub> O2 (0 \u2a7d \ud835\udc65 \u2a7d 0,1), t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. S\u1ed1 mol axit xitric b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 mol Co, Ni, Mg. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Co (Ac) 2 4H2O, Ni (NO3) 2 6H2O v\u00e0 Mg (NO3) 2 6H2O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7y \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 80 \u00b0 C. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111un n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch trong, m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, dung d\u1ecbch trong su\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh gel. Xerogel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, m\u00e0i, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00f2 \u1edf 120 \u00b0 C trong 12 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5aa47b17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5aa47b17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t gel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf 500 \u00b0 C trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong 6 gi\u1edd, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng trong l\u00f2 nung \u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n trong c\u1ed1i m\u00e3 n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9t. V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung \u1edf 800 \u00b0 C trong 12 gi\u1edd. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi axetylen \u0111en v\u00e0 polyvinylidene florua (80: 8:12 v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) trong \ud835\udc41-metyl pyrrolidon (NMP). Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00f9n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean l\u00e1 Al v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 \u1edf 80 <sup>o<\/sup> C trong 18 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p cu\u1ed9n ti\u1ebfp. . <em>[<\/em> <em>Hailang Zhang, Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, T\u1eadp 2014, B\u00e0i b\u00e1o ID 746341,<\/em> <em>]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-108ac457 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"108ac457\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ac017d2\" data-id=\"5ac017d2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21603448 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"21603448\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-sol-gel-process-to-prepare-lithium-manganate-phzoecbts7310havywqfesbu8b0usj5w090v4hghdq.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-sol-gel-process-to-prepare-lithium-manganate.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-sol-gel-process-to-prepare-lithium-manganate.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cce4b7f\" data-id=\"6cce4b7f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a3924c2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a3924c2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 16. L\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sol-gel \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf lithium manganate<\/p><p><em>(<\/em> Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: <em>YS Lee, YK Sun v\u00e0 KS, Nahm, Solid State Ionics 109 (1998) 285 do M. Pasquali, S. Passerini v\u00e0 G Pistoia \u0111\u01b0a ra<\/em><em>, trong Pin Lithium, Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ed. c\u1ee7a GA Nazri v\u00e0 G. Pistoia, Springer, New York, (2009), tr. 318<\/em><em>)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-186b6b59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"186b6b59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Anode trong pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43017aa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43017aa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn LIB v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u an\u1ed1t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ion Li-ion v\u00e0o an\u1ed1t, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43301292 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43301292\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n, c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cacbon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p><p>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 x\u1eed l\u00fd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c graphit h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (2000 \u0111\u1ebfn 3000 \u00b0 C) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong><u>cacbon m\u1ec1m<\/u><\/strong> .<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50ded439 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50ded439\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi graphit h\u00f3a, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1eadc hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt [T. Zheng, JN Reimers v\u00e0 JR Dahn, <em>Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t. Rev. B <\/em><strong>51<\/strong> , 734 (1995)] <strong><u>Cacbon c\u1ee9ng<\/u><\/strong> , ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1ef1a phenolic, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb graphit h\u00f3a, ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1edf 3000 \u00b0 C. Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 1000 \u00b0 C, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u h\u1ecfa th\u01a1m [<em>Jeff Dahn v\u00e0 Grant M. Ehrlich. \u201cPin Lithium ion\u201d, S\u1ed5 tay Pin c\u1ee7a Linden, \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n <sup>l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/sup> 4, Thomas B. Reddy (Ed.), McGraw Hill, trang 26, 2011<\/em>]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-77ca4676 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"77ca4676\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c145bb1\" data-id=\"c145bb1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc42fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cc42fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Carbon-anode-materials-precursor-classification-phzodugw6cekvw0tv70ileu2xzgvqa6zlsmn086yny.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Carbon-anode-materials-precursor-classification.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Carbon-anode-materials-precursor-classification.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-196742e1\" data-id=\"196742e1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c5664f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c5664f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 17. Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u anode carbon<\/p><p>[T\u00edn d\u1ee5ng: <em>Jeff Dahn v\u00e0 Grant M. Ehrlich. \u201cPin Lithium ion\u201d, S\u1ed5 tay Pin c\u1ee7a Linden, \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n <sup>l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/sup> 4, Thomas B. Reddy (Ed.), McGraw Hill, trang 26, 2011<\/em>]<\/p><p> <\/p><p>Goriparti chia v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u an\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a LIB th\u00e0nh <strong><u>ba lo\u1ea1i<\/u><\/strong> t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1edbi lithium <em>[<\/em> <em>Subrahmanyam Goriparti, Ermanno Miele, Francesco De Angelis, Enzo Di Fabrizio, Remo Proietti Zaccaria, Claudio Capiglia, J Power Sources 257 (2014) 421-443]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63b9bfa7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"63b9bfa7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nh\u00f3m intercalation \/ de-intercalation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56284938 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"56284938\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u oxit titan v\u00e0 cacbon. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef x\u1ea3y ra th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xen k\u1ebd g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebft tinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Cacbon m\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng carbon m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh, trong khi carbon c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf th\u00fa v\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c xe \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng Titan Oxit \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p pin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-11619677 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"11619677\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a1bed6\" data-id=\"1a1bed6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1bfd4cf8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1bfd4cf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-graphitizing-but-non-graphite-carbon-Soft-carbon-phzoczg7wt848r9vwbltt4nvc9pro9ruhj3m63gyda.jpg\" title=\"Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-graphitizing-but-non-graphite-carbon-Soft-carbon.jpg\" alt=\"Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-graphitizing-but-non-graphite-carbon-Soft-carbon.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 18. [Ngu\u1ed3n: RE Franklin, Proc. Ho\u00e0ng S\u00f3c. (Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n), A209, 196, 1951]<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4df82152\" data-id=\"4df82152\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c631c21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c631c21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-non-graphitizing-carbon-Hard-carbon-phzochlaayjo45ztslvwzr641y5sm0sy32pe1u7fni.jpg\" title=\"Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-non-graphitizing-carbon-Hard-carbon.jpg\" alt=\"Schematics-of-the-structure-of-a-non-graphitizing-carbon-Hard-carbon.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a43c172 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a43c172\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Graphene c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0m cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng kim lo\u1ea1i \/ graphene lai (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 graphene v\u1edbi SnO2 v\u00e0 Fe2O3). C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng nano carbon (CNTs) c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-588f9b12 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"588f9b12\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bb1108f\" data-id=\"3bb1108f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e18d275 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3e18d275\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Crystal-structure-of-hexagonal-graphite-showing-ABAB-phzobysii9txnyr4udrdlvww68qgc2qbchnogazb3y.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Crystal-structure-of-hexagonal-graphite-showing-ABAB.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Crystal-structure-of-hexagonal-graphite-showing-ABAB.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 19. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a graphit l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y ABAB ... x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m graphene v\u00e0 \u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb [Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: Mochida, I, Tansozaino Kagaku to Kogaku, Asakura, Tokyo (1990) p.10 (b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt), ph\u1ecfng theo Ralph J. Brodd v\u00e0 Kazuo Tagawain trong Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion, Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, trang 81, 2002.)]<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bf605c8\" data-id=\"3bf605c8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b257cd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2b257cd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Crystal-structures-of-graphite-hexagonal-upper-and-rombohedral-below--phzobfzqpl477rifw5mu80noajb424nolwlyurr6ke.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Crystal-structures-of-graphite-hexagonal-upper-and-rombohedral-below-.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Crystal-structures-of-graphite-hexagonal-upper-and-rombohedral-below-.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">H\u00ecnh 20. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec, l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c (tr\u00ean) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh thoi (d\u01b0\u1edbi) [Ngu\u1ed3n: Zempachi Ogumi v\u00e0 Hongyu Wang. (2009) V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cacbon, In Yoshio M., Brodd RJ, Kozawa A. (eds) Pin Lithium-Ion. Springer, New York, NY., Trang 55 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-34445-4_8]<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72dfea52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72dfea52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin EV l\u1edbn, graphit gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n do c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b57629f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b57629f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Trong lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai,<\/strong> c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ee3p kim nh\u01b0 Si, Ge, SiO, SnO2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi lithium trong c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p kim \/ kh\u1eed h\u1ee3p kim. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi \u0111\u1ea1p xe. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn xu\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nano, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ma tr\u1eadn d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a anode.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33b077d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33b077d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Silicon v\u00e0 SnO2 v\u00e0 composite c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1edbi carbon l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong pin lithium trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ch\u00fang l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u an\u1ed1t v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Ge, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 phong ph\u00fa trong v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 pin lithium.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62d4f766 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62d4f766\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Trong nh\u00f3m th\u1ee9 ba,<\/strong> c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi liti theo ki\u1ec3u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c oxit kim lo\u1ea1i \/ photphua \/ nitrit \/ sunfua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t xa so v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng pin lithium th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n l\u1edbn. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nano c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-284fedc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"284fedc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp theo cho pin lithium. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong LIB th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng EV, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nano. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa liti v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng nano c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1ea1i giao di\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \/ ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano .<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68675ca8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68675ca8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong pin lithium li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn dung d\u1ecbch r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a lithium \u1edf m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng carbon. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o liti ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a liti nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p kim thay v\u00ec liti nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c pha kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eadc ba. Ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p kim kim lo\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec cacbon \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. <em>[Robert A. Huggins, Pin n\u00e2ng cao, C\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Khoa h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, Springer, New York, 2009, tr.123].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e8b5895 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6e8b5895\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Graphit l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 cation ho\u1eb7c anion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o n\u00f3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp graphene. Khi c\u00e1c cation \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u00e2m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 cation l\u00e0 Li <sup>+<\/sup> , K <sup>+<\/sup> , Rb <sup>+<\/sup> v\u00e0 Cs <sup>+<\/sup> . Khi c\u00e1c anion \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd mang \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 anion l\u00e0 Br <em><sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/em> , SO2 <sup>&#8211;<\/sup> , SbF6 <sup>&#8211;<\/sup><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65693f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65693f9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e3a3762\" data-id=\"e3a3762\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5c97cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c5c97cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e8n c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0o cacbon l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1926 <em>[K. Fredenhagen v\u00e0 G. Cadenbach, Z. Anorg. Allg. Ch\u00e8m. 158, 249 (1926)]<\/em> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a lithium-cacbon \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1955 <em>[ <strong>D. Guerard, A. Herold, Carbon 13, 337 (1975<\/strong> )]. tia X <\/em>C\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m quang ph\u1ed5 quang ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng liti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o s\u1ebd nh\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho cacbon, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ion Li <sup>+<\/sup> ch\u1ee9a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1edbp cacbon c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac graphit<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efd8dc1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efd8dc1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>[GK Wertheim, PMTh.M. Van Attekum v\u00e0 S. Basu, Solid State Commun. 33, 1127 (1980)]. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chung v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i v\u00e0o than ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong <br><em>[LB Ebert, C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t xen k\u1ebd c\u1ee7a than ch\u00ec, trong T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed H\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1ec1 Khoa h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u,<\/em><br><em>T\u1eadp 6, ed. c\u1ee7a RA Huggins, \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, Palo Alto, CA (1976), tr. 181].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49be6c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49be6c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m an\u1ed1t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i \u00f4xy n\u00e0o tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00ec ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbng than ch\u00ec \u1edf 1100\u00baC) trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eed ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m tr\u01a1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c, so v\u1edbi than ch\u00ec. Carbon (90%) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c b\u00f9n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh (-5%), v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf carbon \u0111en \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n-metyl pyrrolidon (NMP) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u (Sandi 1999).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-082f90a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"082f90a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Lithium titanate (LTO) \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o LTO ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p danh \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, trong kho\u1ea3ng 2,2\u20132,3 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<em> [Norio Takami, Hiroki Inagaki, Yoshinao Tatebayashi, Hidesato Saruwatari, Keizoh Honda, Shun Egusa, J Power Sources 244 (2013) 469-475]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b954ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b954ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 graphite, gi\u00e3n n\u1edf 10% trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c. Than ch\u00ec l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 t\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi c\u00e1c ion liti gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c ion liti s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xen k\u1ebd v\u00e0o graphit n\u1ebfu nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o d\u00e2y d\u1eabn, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m &#8211; liti. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3. Nh\u00f4m s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sau m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i chu k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3167807 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3167807\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb liti titanat thay v\u00ec graphit, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Th\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Li <sub>4<\/sub> Ti <sub>5<\/sub> O <sub>12<\/sub> cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,4 V so v\u1edbi graphite (\u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 1,4 V, 2,2 V so v\u1edbi 3,6 V). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c ion liti xen v\u00e0o nh\u00f4m. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f4m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u00fd do li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Li <sub>4<\/sub> Ti <sub>5<\/sub> O <sub>12<\/sub> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u0129nh v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. [ <em>C\u0103lin Wurm v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, trong Pin Lithium-Ion, Reiner Korthauer (ed), D\u1ecbch b\u1edfi Michael Wuest v\u00e0.al., Springer, 2018. Trang 57<\/em> ].<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9fc3a1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9fc3a1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em> <\/em><u>Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t liti titanat:<\/u> H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p titan \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t liti (b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y: liti cacbonat, liti hydroxit, liti nitrat v\u00e0 liti oxit) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00eau k\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 670 oC \u0111\u1ebfn 800 oC . Thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m TiO <sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 Li <sub>2<\/sub> TiO <sub>3<\/sub> ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m TiO <sub>2<\/sub> , Li <sub>2<\/sub> TiO <sub>3<\/sub> v\u00e0 Li <sub>4<\/sub> Ti <sub>5<\/sub> O <sub>12<\/sub> . Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00eau k\u1ebft \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong kho\u1ea3ng 800 \u0111\u1ebfn 950 \u00b0 C.<em> [Tetsuya Yamawaki et.al., US Patent 6.645.673 B2, 2003 \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c giao cho Toho Titanium Co., Ltd., Chigasaki]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-409385c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"409385c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pin s\u1ea1c SCiB \u2122 c\u1ee7a Toshiba (https:\/\/www.scib.jp\/en\/)<br>SCiB \u2122 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxit titan lithium (LTO) trong c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, s\u1ea1c nhanh, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \/ \u0111\u1ea7u ra cao v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn. SCiB \u2122 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng xe c\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, bao g\u1ed3m \u00f4 t\u00f4, xe bu\u00fdt, toa xe l\u1eeda, thang m\u00e1y v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4b3221 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4b3221\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d2664f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0d2664f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh: \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u1edbt, trong \u0111\u00f3 polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong d\u1ea7u. D\u1ea7u sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p. H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed si\u00eau cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Celgard, ba l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng polyme th\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1t m\u1ecfng, k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac polyme. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o c\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c8d40e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4c8d40e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh: \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 kh\u00f4. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u1edbt, trong \u0111\u00f3 polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong d\u1ea7u. D\u1ea7u sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng x\u1ed1p. H\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed si\u00eau cao \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Celgard, ba l\u1edbp m\u00e0ng polyme th\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1t m\u1ecfng, k\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac polyme. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o c\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b6458b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3b6458b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>[Pekala, RW, et al., 2000, \u201cPh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch: C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t pin?\u201d H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 17 v\u1ec1 Pin ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5, Ft. Lauderdale, Fla., Ng\u00e0y 6-9 th\u00e1ng 3]<\/em><\/p><p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo l\u00f4 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn <em>[Linda Gaines v\u00e0 Roy Cuenca, Chi ph\u00ed pin Lithium ion cho xe c\u1ed9, ANL B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ANL \/ ESD-42, th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2000, trang 20]<\/em> .<\/p><p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong d\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e1c \u00f4 EV \/ HEV s\u1ebd b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m. <em> [Y. Nishi, trong: M. Wakihara, O. Yamamoto (Eds.), Pin Lithium Ion, Wiley \/ VCH \/ Kodansha, Tokyo, 1998, tr. 195.<\/em><br><em>P. Arora, Z. Zhang, Chem. Rev. 104 (2004) 4419].<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f500d68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f500d68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ly, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch x\u1ed1p si\u00eau nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c <u>t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/u> trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u0103ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng do ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec7t sinh ra s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ec1m PE v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c vi h\u1ea1t trong m\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong><u>d\u1ea5u ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch &#8220;t\u1eaft m\u00e1y&#8221;.<\/u><\/strong> Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eaft m\u00e1y x\u1ea3y ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ion gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1eebng ch\u1ea1y. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-317747e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"317747e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi t\u1eaft m\u00e1y. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch s\u1ebd n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00e0 sinh nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;s\u1ef1 tan ch\u1ea3y&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1&#8221; c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 &#8220;t\u1eaft m\u00e1y&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y&#8221; ph\u1ea3i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02c175a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02c175a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng polyetylen m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf 135 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c l\u1edbp polypropylene v\u00e0 polyethylene duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 165 \u00b0 C, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a polypropylene. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 polyetylen c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed si\u00eau cao n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y \u1edf 135 \u00b0 C, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 180 \u00b0 C v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-104e547 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"104e547\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch t\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin lithium-ion \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch t\u1eaft ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 polypropylene tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi polyethylene tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed si\u00eau cao. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1eaft m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a polyethylene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc cao c\u1ee7a polypropylene \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao. B\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1eaft m\u00e1y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. <em>[PG Balakrishnan, R. Ramesh, T. Prem Kumar<\/em> <em>, J. Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/em> <em>155 (2006) 401\u2013414]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61b1e3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"61b1e3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c trong pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c594699 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c594699\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 <strong>nh\u00f4m, niken v\u00e0 l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/strong> , ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh nh\u01b0 <strong>ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p tyrene-butadiene (SBR)<\/strong> v\u00e0 p <strong>olyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i,<\/strong> ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-16abae0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"16abae0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2adfe750\" data-id=\"2adfe750\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45ed0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"45ed0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m &amp; H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Pin Lithium-ion\n- S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion liti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18546378 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18546378\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an\u1ed1t tr\u00ean cat\u1ed1t <\/strong><\/p><p>\u0110i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i lithium n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111u\u00f4i gai l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u00ean trong. Vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng liti l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c \u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ri\u00eang l\u1ebb trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec7n <strong>c\u1ef1c anot<\/strong> <strong>c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao h\u01a1n catot kho\u1ea3ng 10%<\/strong> . \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng kim lo\u1ea1i liti tr\u00ean c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c, v\u00ec c\u1ef1c \u00e2m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu kim lo\u1ea1i liti \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eb7n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-42d1df07 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"42d1df07\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5affc1fc\" data-id=\"5affc1fc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1119dc22 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1119dc22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-capacity-ratio-in-Li-ion-cell-phzoax6ywwegrk9qxxiau5egetvrs6l1vbk998j20u.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-capacity-ratio-in-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-capacity-ratio-in-Li-ion-cell.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-47a70dfc\" data-id=\"47a70dfc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ec83c38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ec83c38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 21. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithi<\/p><p><em>(<\/em> Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: <em>Ralph J. Brodd v\u00e0 Kazuo Tagawa, trong Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion, Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York,<\/em> <em>trang 272, 2002.)<\/em><\/p><p> <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8227026 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8227026\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion liti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76efc00d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76efc00d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cho pin Lithium ion \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady cao. N\u1ebfu l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra pin hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5faff2f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5faff2f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Cohen v\u00e0 Gutoff [E. Cohen v\u00e0 E. Gutoff, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Wiley-VCH,<\/em><\/p><p><em>New York, 1992]<\/em> m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0u bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00f9n ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7400e286 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7400e286\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-250a506e\" data-id=\"250a506e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dafe3ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5dafe3ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-coating-process-phzoaee747oqbd11zpdrga58j4gfi8if4qijnpaxha.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-coating-process.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Anode-and-cathode-coating-process.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-75775d8c\" data-id=\"75775d8c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a988ae2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a988ae2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 22. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m<\/p><p><em>(<\/em> Nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh: <em>Ralph J. Brodd v\u00e0 Kazuo Tagawain trong Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion, Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, trang 273, 2002.)<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2755608a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2755608a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium ion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-791e53d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"791e53d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Manufacturing-flowchart-of-lithium-ion-battery-phzo9wjb4osqmpsv257pg3batnwiv0tfcrmebidils.jpg\" title=\"Manufacturing-flowchart-of-lithium-ion-battery.jpg\" alt=\"Manufacturing-flowchart-of-lithium-ion-battery.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b4c20ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b4c20ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 23. <u>BI\u1ec2U \u0110\u1ed2 L\u01afU L\u01af\u1ee2NG S\u1ea2N XU\u1ea4T T\u1ebe B\u00c0O ION LITHIUM<\/u><\/p><p><em>[Ralph J. Brodd v\u00e0 Kazuo Tagawa trong<\/em> <em>Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion,<\/em> <em>Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, trang 271, 2002.]<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-44791006 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"44791006\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7eb933b\" data-id=\"7eb933b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3650bcad elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3650bcad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-manufacture-of-electrodes-from-raw-materials-pe9ratmmyt6peu6rnuodixdilfsxgdwh4dydovvy0u.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-manufacture-of-electrodes-from-raw-materials.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Flow-chart-for-manufacture-of-electrodes-from-raw-materials.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6e73639a\" data-id=\"6e73639a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dc65815 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6dc65815\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>T\u00edn d\u1ee5ng: Electropaedia https: \/\/www.mpoweruk.com\/battery_manrantyuring.htm<\/em><\/p><p>H\u00ecnh 24. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f41a963 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f41a963\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u1ee5m t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion lithium<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-310dba3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"310dba3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Flowchart-for-cell-assembly-phzo8uxrjbgohvd7651duzsxdbr1ygj9gihza733s0.jpg\" title=\"Flowchart-for-cell-assembly.jpg\" alt=\"Flowchart-for-cell-assembly.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Ngu\u1ed3n: Electropaedia. https: \/\/www.mpoweruk .com \/ battery_manrantyuring.htm H\u00ecnh 25. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b1b327 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b1b327\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-33c0fc46\" data-id=\"33c0fc46\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48aee46f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48aee46f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Prismatic-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-pe9raukh5n7zqg5eid303f4z6toao307gilv65ujum.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Prismatic-Li-ion-cell-manufacture.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Prismatic-Li-ion-cell-manufacture.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a913b60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4a913b60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013Part-2-phzo7jxsf9sh5v5vlz3fehzzs4hf787oenemcjiubi.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013Part-2.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013Part-2.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-24f67110\" data-id=\"24f67110\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75629b83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"75629b83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013-Part-1-pe9raukh5n7zqg5eid303f4z6toao307gilv65ujum.jpg\" title=\"Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013-Part-1.jpg\" alt=\"Figure-xx-Cylindrical-Li-ion-cell-manufacture-\u2013-Part-1.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\"><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-152ec2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"152ec2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium ion nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o:<\/p><ul><li><strong>C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium ion ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c.<\/strong><\/li><li>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (AM) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/li><li>C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p do \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p r\u01a1i tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-333ffd74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"333ffd74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cacbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.<\/p><p><strong>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac t\u1ed1t<\/strong> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa <strong>c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, cacbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 thu d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong> , \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6abf30f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6abf30f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p cat\u1ed1t coban<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb LiCoO2 (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u \u0111en) + ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh PVdF (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ef1a nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ebbo fluoropolymer b\u00e1n tinh th\u1ec3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng) + N-metyl pyrrolidon (NMP, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u) l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i. LICoO2 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t pha lo\u00e3ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en carbon, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a LiCoO2.<\/p><p>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ng\u0103n v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y tr\u1ed9n. <strong>Quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed9n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed9n kh\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 carbon tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00eam dung m\u00f4i ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76c674d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"76c674d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a cacbon d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa AM v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi thu d\u00f2ng (l\u00e1 nh\u00f4m, d\u00e0y 20 mm), do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 AM. <strong>Polyme NMP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a tan trong dung m\u00f4i ph\u1ee7 trong m\u1ed9t th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4 <\/strong><strong>v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch dung m\u00f4i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00f9n.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7147dc4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7147dc4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 sung dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a b\u00f9n (ho\u1eb7c s\u01a1n) cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u01a1n ph\u1ee7<\/strong> . <strong>Polyvinylenedifluoride (PVdF) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>dung m\u00f4i l\u00e0 N-methylpyrollidinone (NMP). <\/strong>B\u00f9n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c th\u00f9ng k\u00edn, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 trung chuy\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee7. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u00f9n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m t\u1eeb th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y b\u01a1m b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y b\u01a1m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00e0o trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-644b7c43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"644b7c43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi cacbon c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh PVdF v\u00e0 NMP. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1edbi (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y 10 mm). <\/p><p>L\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 100 mm cho c\u1ea3 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c \u00e2m. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7, t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t cao h\u01a1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55833c27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55833c27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. <strong>M\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin Lithium ion<\/strong> l\u00e0 n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \/ n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c <em>[Broussely, Nazri trang 651].<\/em> Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tab, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1944cfbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1944cfbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>L\u1eafp r\u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o:<\/strong> L\u00e1 b\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e1ng \u0111i qua t\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bay h\u01a1i dung m\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean l\u00e1. Nhi\u1ec1u dung m\u00f4i ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, dung m\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, dung m\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d1e7bcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d1e7bcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ion Lithi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5. Cu\u1ed9n th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>l\u00e0m ph\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5<\/strong> .<\/p><p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00ecnh ra khi chu k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e3o h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c lon t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-258fe2ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"258fe2ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee7 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y. M\u00e1y qu\u1ea5n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch (\u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 25mm tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng, PP ho\u1eb7c PE ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bd16949 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5bd16949\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0n c\u00e1c m\u1ea5u v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a l\u00e1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1y qu\u1ea5n d\u00e2y s\u1ebd c\u1eaft d\u1ea3i theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch-c\u1ef1c \u00e2m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c su\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9 theo ki\u1ec3u cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00f5i qu\u1ea5n t\u0103ng l\u00ean, m\u00e1y qu\u1ea5n d\u00e2y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u1ef1c c\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 dung sai g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh. Gi\u00f3 elip \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6dfab3ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6dfab3ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sau khi cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra qu\u1ea7n short b\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp v\u00e0o lon. C\u00e1c lon th\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1 niken \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a lon tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u00f4. Ch\u00ec c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1y lon v\u00e0 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn c\u1ef1c \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i an to\u00e0n. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea5p m\u00e9p n\u1eafp tr\u00ean.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fc138eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3fc138eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1edbm c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o x\u1ea5u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Su\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed g\u1ea7n nhau, do \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o cho kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e8n m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c g\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4953c654 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4953c654\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Tr\u1eeb khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong <strong><u>ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p kh\u00f4<\/u><\/strong> , n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n.<\/p><p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n th\u1ea5m qua v\u00e0 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c. M\u00e1y b\u01a1m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111o th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <u>LiPF <sub>6<\/sub> (m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ec3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng v\u00f4 c\u01a1)<\/u> l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c mu\u1ed1i cacbonat m\u1ea1ch v\u00f2ng (EC, etylen cacbonat) ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng (DMC, dimetyl cacbonat, DEC, dietyl cacbonat, ho\u1eb7c EMC, etyl-metyl cacbonat, v.v.) dung m\u00f4i cho mu\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d4ca21b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d4ca21b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p dung m\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ethylene carbonate (EC) v\u1edbi dimethyl carbonate (DMC) v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c diethyl carbonate (DEC) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho pin lithium ion k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi cat\u1ed1t &#8220;4 V&#8221; (coban, niken v\u00e0 manganate) v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng oxy h\u00f3a cao c\u1ee7a dung m\u00f4i.<\/p><p>Sau khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u00eam phong b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e9n c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m polyme ho\u1eb7c grommet \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ed9p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec7m polyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a polyme. N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, polyme ngu\u1ed9i s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng ni\u00eam phong.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86458ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86458ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u00edn c\u00e1c \u00f4 nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t vai ho\u1eb7c g\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho con d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho cu\u1ed9n b\u0103ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c l\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a su\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a rung v\u00e0 s\u1ed1c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3afd9c6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3afd9c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp m\u1ea1 lithium trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. Con d\u1ea5u t\u1ea5m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u0103n ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u01a1ng (PTC) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n ng\u1eaft d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n (CID). C\u1ea3 CID v\u00e0 PTC \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. M\u1ed7i l\u00f4 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1eafp r\u00e1p tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13abda1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"13abda1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sau khi ni\u00eam phong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch, \u00e1o kho\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00ea-ri \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i ng\u00e0y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o (v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1). Th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 so kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p g\u00f3i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70bbda64 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"70bbda64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng tia laze v\u1edbi con d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p con d\u1ea5u k\u00edn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n, ngay c\u1ea3 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng.<br>Trong khi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh, \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c \u00f4 k\u00edn nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed di \u0111\u1ed9ng, quy tr\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c pin c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng EV tu\u00e2n theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o chung.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-171660a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"171660a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-24adf9a\" data-id=\"24adf9a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78fe0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78fe0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin Lithium ion - S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abd312d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abd312d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, c\u00e1c ion Li kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p v\u00e0o cacbon c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ion Li t\u1eeb PAM LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Li <sub>1-x<\/sub> CoO <sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ion Lithium n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha t\u1ea1p v\u00e0o c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng cacbon (C <sub>y<\/sub> ) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Li <sub>x<\/sub> C <sub>y<\/sub> . Khi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1t 4,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 4,2 V, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a <em>x<\/em> l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 0,5. (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 50%) cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng 50% Li t\u1eeb LiCoO <sub>2<\/sub> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9327852 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9327852\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion Lithium \u0111\u00e3 pha t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u1edf trong c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng. trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ion Lithium <em>x-dx<\/em> \u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20% lithium kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 80 \u0111\u1ebfn 90%. T\u1eeb chu k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 100% dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-304e1db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"304e1db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sau khi r\u1eeda v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y nhanh, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u00f4 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/p><p>(s\u1ea1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh). C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai l\u00fd do:<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-190663b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"190663b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>1) l\u1edbp <strong>interphase \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n r\u1eafn<\/strong> <strong>(SEI) h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh<\/strong> tr\u00ean c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 2) n\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n. L\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u1ea1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c quay v\u00f2ng trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai chu k\u1ef3 n\u1eefa sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c0518b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8c0518b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c chu k\u1ef3, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng sau n\u00e0y trong <strong>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/strong> <strong>t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/strong> . Th\u1eddi <strong>gian l\u00e3o h\u00f3a<\/strong> thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa hai tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u1ea1i sau khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u00f4 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n ng\u1eafn &#8220;m\u1ec1m&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;vi m\u00f4&#8221;. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n ng\u1eafn b\u00ean trong s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n sau khi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i di t\u1ea3n c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u00ed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e88832b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e88832b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o<\/em><\/p><ul><li><em>Kaoru Nakajima v\u00e0 Yoshio Nishi Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5 trong: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, Ed Tetsuya Osaka v\u00e0 Madhav Datta, Gordon and Reach Science Publishers, Amsterdam, 2000.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium-Ion, Ralph J. Brodd v\u00e0 Kazuo Tagawa, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 trong: Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion, Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds), Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, trang 273, 2002 .<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b2f8cc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b2f8cc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><em>Pin Lithium, Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ed. c\u1ee7a GA Nazri v\u00e0 G. Pistoia, Springer, New York, 2009.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Pin Lithium-Ion, Reiner Korthauer (ed) (2018), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch b\u1edfi Michael Wuest v\u00e0.al., Springer, 2018.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Kazuo Tagawa v\u00e0 Ralph J. Brodd, Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o pin Lithium-Ion trong Pin Lithium-Ion, Yoshio M., Brodd RJ, Kozawa A. (eds) Springer, New York, NY. https: \/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-0-387-34445-4_8]<\/em><\/li><li><em>Zhang Z., Ramadass P. (2012) H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Pin Lithium-Ion. Trong: Meyers RA (ed) Encyclopaedia of Sustainable Science and Technology. Springer, New York. https: \/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-0851-3_663<\/em><\/li><li><em>S\u1ed5 tay H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u00f3i pin Lithium-Ion, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef, John Warner, Elsevier, 2018<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin Lithium ion C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang cho r\u1eb1ng \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169. Pin Lithium ion c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 3 ho\u1eb7c 4 l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24304,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[388],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35692","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-chat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35692"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35692\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66644,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35692\/revisions\/66644"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35692"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}