{"id":35803,"date":"2026-03-03T07:06:33","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T01:36:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/microtexindia.com\/tai-che-pin\/"},"modified":"2021-12-26T12:00:17","modified_gmt":"2021-12-26T06:30:17","slug":"tai-che-pin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/tai-che-pin\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean: EPRIJournal<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin axit ch\u00ec <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n. Ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u pin cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u pin v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i pin \u0111\u00f3. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u1eaec quy axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh!<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng pin tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay.
H\u00ecnh 1. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 pin h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh theo MWh
Qu\u1ea3 sung. 1 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang theo doanh s\u1ed1 MWh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng axit ch\u00ec v\u00e0 pin lithium-ion l\u00e0 hai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng pin hi\u1ec7n nay. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh c\u1ee7a pin li-ion, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cho pin lithium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y h\u1ebft tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hai l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin cho nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. Hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 trong blog n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc axit ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a.
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 100% c\u1ee7a pin ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 tinh luy\u1ec7n ch\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin,<\/strong> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u00ec l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho pin; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt luy\u1ec7n kim g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a tan c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t pin trong dung m\u00f4i, sau \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn trong blog ti\u1ebfp theo v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 axit-ch\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chung v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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  • “H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.”<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n th\u00eam v\u00e0 chia th\u00e0nh hai lu\u1ed3ng: t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00f2ng h\u1edf v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng k\u00edn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    H\u00ecnh 1. Quy m\u00f4 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng pin tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    H\u00ecnh 2. Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u1eafc quy axit-ch\u00ec<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00f2ng h\u1edf & t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00f2ng k\u00edn<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Qu\u1ea3 sung. 2 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i. V\u00f2ng k\u00edn c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chai th\u1ee7y tinh ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u chai th\u1ee7y tinh h\u01a1n. T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u00f2ng h\u1edf l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1t r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 cho m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m mua s\u1eafm. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 NOx, SOx v\u00e0 CO2, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 r\u1eafn n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb: \u201ckinh t\u1ebf\u201d gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. C\u00e1i n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 thu gom v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u1ed1n bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n?<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin<\/strong> . Qu\u1ea3 sung. 3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, minh h\u1ecda quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho pin ch\u00ec-axit.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    H\u00ecnh 3. Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00f2n c\u1ee7a \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Hinh 4. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf cho pin axit ch\u00ec \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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    \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ea1n t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea3i b\u1ecf v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i pin. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m thu gom m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n l\u1ebb ban \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pin do ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin th\u00e0nh pin m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n pin \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty thu gom v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y luy\u1ec7n ch\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t keo c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thu gom, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, khu v\u1ef1c phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

    Trong khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u Phi, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam M\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u b\u1edfi Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin g\u1ea7n 100% \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    T\u1ea1i sao vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 Fig. 4 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 8 trong s\u1ed1 30 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 90% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2018, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin 100%. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c doanh s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd pin v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1eeb doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i pin ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n ra th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00fang khi nhu c\u1ea7u cao v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung ng\u1eafn.
    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn so v\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, r\u1eb1ng pin axit-ch\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf 100%. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00fang khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u pin t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1ef1a, ch\u00ec v\u00e0 axit trong pin s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nhi\u1ec1u pin h\u01a1n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 axit sulfuric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c 100% b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi 1%. Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng axit sulfuric sang c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 vui v\u1ebb tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang web c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi (x\u1ec9) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p luy\u1ec7n kim t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin<\/strong> ch\u00ec-axit.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u trong pin axit ch\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i. Qu\u1ea3 sung. 5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin<\/strong> axit ch\u00ec.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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    Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    H\u00ecnh 5. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    H\u00ecnh 6. Ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u1eafc quy<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p luy\u1ec7n kim hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 ra 4 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau khi thu gom v\u00e0 giao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

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    • S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch pin. Ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n b\u00faa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 v\u1ee5n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra th\u00e0nh h\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, h\u1ea1t l\u01b0\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n axit, H\u00ecnh. 6.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      • Kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh. Ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh d\u1ea1ng s\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng tro soda \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh.<\/li>\n
      • L\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n (cao ho\u1eb7c vang). Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed9t nh\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y trong l\u00f2 cao ho\u1eb7c l\u00f2 \u00e2m vang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec th\u00e0nh th\u1ecfi ch\u00ec m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee9ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, H\u00ecnh. 7.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        H\u00ecnh 7. L\u00f2 \u00e2m vang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        H\u00ecnh 8. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 so s\u00e1nh hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i pin<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        • Tinh luy\u1ec7n th\u1ecfi ch\u00ec. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nung \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00ec m\u1ec1m (nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t) ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ec c\u1ee9ng (h\u1ee3p kim).
          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00fa v\u1ecb. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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          \u0110\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i (COx, SOx, NOx), b\u1ee5i mang ch\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ec. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01a1i t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 theo WHO, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ec trong m\u00e1u \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c trong quy tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n kim l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb x\u1ec9 th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.
          Hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f2a tan n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Aurelius v\u00e0 Citrecycle. C\u1ea3 hai c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng axit xitric l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thu h\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00eam.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u1ed3ng H\u00ecnh 8 so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u pin v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 kh\u1eed l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, citrate ch\u00ec kh\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n cho khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u00eam trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf d\u1ea1ng m\u00f4-\u0111un, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1edfi khu v\u1ef1c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n nay. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch k\u00e9p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ch\u00ec v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c m\u00e1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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          \u1eaec quy axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh! - H\u00ecnh 9<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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          Fig 9. Status of global material recycling rates<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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          L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin<\/strong> axit ch\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t pin kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c xoay quanh t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ea3i ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin luy\u1ec7n kim hi\u1ec7n nay. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khu v\u1ef1c phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng khi thu gom, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn pin ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh m\u1edbi r\u1ebb h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, \u0111ang g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m h\u01a1n, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ec m\u1ec1m b\u1ed1n nines t\u1eeb ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u pin s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin. Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u00ean trong, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o ra \u00edt CO2 h\u01a1n, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf x\u1ec9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n, an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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          C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 Microtex nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi khi, s\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 pin m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean: EPRIJournal T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin axit ch\u00ec M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf pin, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 pin axit ch\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[411],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tai-che"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35803"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35803\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}