{"id":47148,"date":"2026-02-28T08:00:27","date_gmt":"2026-02-28T02:30:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/sac-noi\/"},"modified":"2024-02-17T17:04:20","modified_gmt":"2024-02-17T11:34:20","slug":"sac-noi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/sac-noi\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"47148\" class=\"elementor elementor-47148 elementor-43993\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ab0e0e8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ab0e0e8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17bfea7\" data-id=\"17bfea7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfd0a09 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dfd0a09\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pin d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng &amp; S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51238af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51238af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u1eaec quy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (UPS), v.v., \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i) \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng OCV + x mV. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1edd. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb float s\u1ebd l\u00e0 2,23 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,30 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4. Pin tr\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u00fang trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (CP) b\u00f9 cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3 x\u1ea3y ra khi pin \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9119927 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9119927\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c phao ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ff5921 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ff5921\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c phao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c s\u1ea1c pin \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u1ea1c. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao. Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00e0y. B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb pin cho l\u1ea7n t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp theo, n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ea1c l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96df27b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"96df27b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i s\u1ea1c: \u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf 2,25 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,30 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 &#8211; mV \u0111\u1ebfn &#8211; 3 mV tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u: T\u1ed1i \u0111a 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 40% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c: li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t SOC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea1c pin axit-ch\u00ec hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t trong kho\u1ea3ng 15-30 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 \u00b0 C. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea1c. C\u1ea7n b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb \u00e2m 2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e2m 3 mV tr\u00ean <sup>o<\/sup> C tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 20-25 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-163d3bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"163d3bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ea3ng sau l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng 1. B\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao cho pin 12 V<\/p>\n<p>[http: \/\/ www. Eastpenn-deka.com\/assets\/base\/0139.pdf]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca28264 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ca28264\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table width=\"249\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"109\">\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00b0 C<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"140\">\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i, Volts<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>T\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p> \u2265 49<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>12.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>44-48<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>12.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>38-43<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>32-37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>27-31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>21-26<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>16-20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>13.85<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>10-15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>05-09<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>13.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>14.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"109\">\n<p>\u2264 4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"68\">\n<p>14.2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"72\">\n<p>14.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c61517d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c61517d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5496495 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5496495\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hai m\u1ee9c s\u1ea1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u1ecd \u0111ang:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1c nhanh<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea1c l\u1eeba<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i pin sau khi x\u1ea3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ra l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2,70 V m\u1ed7i cell \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i pin cho lo\u1ea1i ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 2,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,45 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin VRLA. \u0110\u1ea7u ra s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00f9 cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a pin, \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p 2,25 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cell. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a pin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaf3936 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaf3936\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tr\u1ea1m s\u1ea1c gi\u00e1 n\u1ed5i<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0df442c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0df442c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean pin kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y pin cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi giao h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i pin nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 hai t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt khi ch\u1edd l\u00ean k\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eafc n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u1edf m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 40 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 mA \/ 100 Ah dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng danh \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c t\u1eebng pin ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n OCV m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4d6a3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f4d6a3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Phao s\u1ea1c pin AGM VRLA<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af4d6a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af4d6a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/san-pham-pin\/2v-agm-vrla-pin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u1eafc quy AGM<\/a> kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u1eafc quy ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c phao x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf hai gi\u1ed1ng. <br \/>Pin VRLA c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf b\u00ean trong th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea1c.<br \/>B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u00f9 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho pin VRLA.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de060ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"de060ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c phao CP th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 2,25-2,30 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cell. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho d\u00f2ng ph\u00ed n\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea1c \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p CP 14,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 14,7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin VRLA, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i \u0111a ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ampe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh (c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i VRLA). H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00b1 1% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao v\u00e0 \u00b1 3% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c t\u0103ng \u00e1p.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a172d92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a172d92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>[1. https:\/\/www.thebatteryshop.co.uk\/ekmps\/shops\/thebatteryshop\/resources\/Other\/tbs-np65-12i-datasheet.pdf 2. https:\/\/www.sbsbattery.com\/media\/pdf\/Battery-STT12V100.pdf 3. https:\/\/eu.industrial.panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-342b63e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"342b63e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd phao c\u1ee7a pin VRLA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc23244 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fc23244\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u1eafc quy axit ch\u00ec c\u00f3 van \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh. C\u1ee9 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean 10 \u00b0 C, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd phao \u1edf 20 \u00b0 C l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 10 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Panasonic. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 30 \u00b0 C, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd kho\u1ea3ng 5 n\u0103m. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1edf 40 \u00b0 C l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 2 n\u0103m 6 th\u00e1ng[Figure 10 in https:\/\/eu.industrial.panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf] . <\/p>\n<p>Trang 6 trong http: \/\/ news.yuasa. co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/SWL-Shortform.pdf].<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfacd71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cfacd71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n mua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i pin m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu anh ta mu\u1ed1n pin c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 5 n\u0103m \u1edf 30 \u0111\u1ebfn 35 <sup>o<\/sup> C, anh ta n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 10 n\u0103m \u1edf 20 <sup>o<\/sup> C.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6e89f38 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6e89f38\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ee4bcdf\" data-id=\"ee4bcdf\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1827151 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1827151\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Float-charging-Fig-1-plz9rvi5m72c7g70sypg8yvhv58jl897gnhaj73axc.jpg\" title=\"Phao s\u1ea1c H\u00ecnh 1\" alt=\"Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49bea94 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"49bea94\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 1 Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd n\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Panasonic VR<br \/>https:\/\/eu.industrial.panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b62d49a\" data-id=\"b62d49a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e584f05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e584f05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Float-charging-Fig-2-plz9rfiwe0ggq2u8e9sskkwnrlfaydhrqge1dhqzv4.jpg\" title=\"Phao s\u1ea1c H\u00ecnh 2\" alt=\"Float life at different temperatures\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05ccabd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"05ccabd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 2 Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd n\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m VR Yuasa (Anh)<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/news.yuasa.co.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/SWL-Shortform.pdf<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95574bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95574bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n Anh 6240-4: 1997, \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 40 \u00b0 C.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd theo chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a pin VRLA<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bcf469 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7bcf469\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>So v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd phao, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd theo chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a pin VR s\u1ebd ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n do l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3. Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a phao, pin ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chu k\u1ef3, pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u x\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ( <strong>DO<\/strong> D) m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. S\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>\u201cchu k\u1ef3\u201d.<\/strong> V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed7i chu k\u1ef3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, DOD. Quy \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u00e0ng cao. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Panasonic VRLA \u0111\u1ebfn 60% v\u00e0 80% c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n DOD \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba m\u1ee9c DOD.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2f8617 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e2f8617\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Ban 2. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Panasonic VRLA \u0111\u1ebfn 60% v\u00e0 80% cu\u1ed1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi DOD cho ba DOD \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng 25 <sup>o<\/sup> C. [\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/eu.industrial.panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/eu.industrial.panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf<\/a> H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean trang 22 <strong>]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1dbc74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1dbc74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>DOD \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf 100% DOD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf 50% DOD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf 30% DOD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn 60% DOD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>300<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>550<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>1250<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn 80% DOD<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>250<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>450  <\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"151\">\n<p>950<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6f5f17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e6f5f17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u00e0n s\u1ed1 3. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i \u1edf <u>2.3 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/u> cho ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o axit-ch\u00ec \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[<\/strong> <strong>[Ph\u1ecfng theo C&amp;D Technologies<\/strong> https: \/\/ www. cdtechno. com \/ pdf \/ ref \/ 41_2128_0212.pdf<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 19, Trang 22]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d610dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9d610dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9,<\/strong> <strong>\u00b0<\/strong> <strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, mA tr\u00ean Ah <sub>20<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o canxi b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>1.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>0.75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR AGM<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>3.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"136\">\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"227\">\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0858608 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0858608\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a phao [<\/strong> IEC 60896-21 v\u00e0 22: 2004 <strong>]<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>IEC<\/strong> \u0111\u01b0a ra quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a phao. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c pin ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i V <sub>Float<\/sub> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 2,23 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,30 VOLTS M\u1ed6I T\u1ebe B\u00c0O. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i cell ho\u1eb7c pin monobloc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i. Sau 3 th\u00e1ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i cell ho\u1eb7c pin monobloc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i. Sau 6 th\u00e1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c monoblocs ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf khi ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21c32a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21c32a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Do c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu, \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c pin ri\u00eang l\u1ebb b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a phao. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m nh\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n t\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e9n AGM, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n, v.v. g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t (c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb), c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m VR cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o &#8220;hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c&#8221; trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh phao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42dba56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42dba56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n ng\u1eadp qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, hai b\u1ea3n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau. Kh\u00ed oxy v\u00e0 hydro c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n th\u1ea5p trong dung d\u1ecbch axit sunfuric. C\u00e1c kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VRLA, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu tr\u00ecnh oxy l\u00e0m cho b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u00f4 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u01b0\u1edbc; \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed oxy tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i (do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i), vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed x\u1ea3y ra sau khi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00e3o h\u00f2a gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 90 \u0111\u1ebfn 95% ban \u0111\u1ea7u xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dae08b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4dae08b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m:<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo PP: 2H <sub>2<\/sub> O \u2192 4H <sup>+<\/sup> + O <sub>2<\/sub> \u2191 + 4e <sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. (1)<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed O <sub>2<\/sub> (= O <sub>2<\/sub> t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p) v\u1ec1 NP: O <sub>2<\/sub> + 4H <sup>+<\/sup> + 4e <sup>&#8211;<\/sup> \u2192 2H <sub>2<\/sub> O + (Nhi\u1ec7t) .. \u2026\u2026.\u2026. (2)<\/p>\n<p> [2Pb + O <sub>2<\/sub> + 2H <sub>2<\/sub> SO <sub>4<\/sub> \u2192 2PbSO <sub>4<\/sub> + 2H <sub>2<\/sub> O + Heat] .. \u2026\u2026 (3)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86b37dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"86b37dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>Do \u0111\u00f3, khi pin VR b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu k\u1ef3 oxy, pin s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ea5m h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00ed oxy kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u00ec trong NAM b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh ch\u00ec sunphat v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a VQG tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 quan h\u01a1n; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a hydro<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p NP gi\u1ea3m, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 oxy h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n (\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i). Do \u0111\u00f3, oxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m tr\u00ean NP, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c x\u1ea3y ra ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n cho NP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7792761 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7792761\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Do s\u1ef1 thu h\u00fat hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p oxy, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin VRLA cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng ba l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Berndt ch\u1ec9 ra [D. Berndt, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m Pin ERA l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 5, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1988, Phi\u00ean 1, B\u00e0i b\u00e1o 4. 2. RF Nelson \u1edf Rand, DAJ; Moseley, PT; Garche. Ch\u1eef J; Parker, CD (Eds.) \u1eaec quy axit-ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng van, Elsevier, New York, 2004, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9, trang 258 <em>v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/em> ].<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d816de elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6d816de\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-05798c8\" data-id=\"05798c8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec2db33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec2db33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">B\u1ea3ng 4. S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i: So s\u00e1nh d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t cho pin c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng h\u01a1i v\u00e0 pin VRLA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e55aaad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e55aaad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p><strong>Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p><strong>\u00d4 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p><strong>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4, Volts<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>2.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>2.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n phao c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, mA \/ 100 Ah<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 3 l\u1ea7n trong pin VR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, mW<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>31,5 mW (2,25 VX 14 mA).<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>101,25 mW (2,25 VX 45 mA).<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 3 l\u1ea7n trong pin VR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00ed, mW<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>20,72 mW (1,48 VX 14 mA). (20,7 \/ 31,5 &#8211; <strong>66%)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>5,9 (1,48 V x 4 mA)<\/p>\n<p>(5,9 \/ 101,25 = <strong>5,8%<\/strong> )<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t, mW<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>31,5-20,72 = 10,78<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>101,25 &#8211; 5,9 = 95,35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t, ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>10.8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>95<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"160\">\n<p>Kho\u1ea3ng 9 l\u1ea7n trong pin VR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-736b5e2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"736b5e2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 n\u1ea1p kh\u00ed<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chu tr\u00ecnh oxy \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u00e1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 oxy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a hydro b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ho\u1eb7c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u00e1t kh\u00ed s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra oxy v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, c\u1ea3 hydro v\u00e0 oxy \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra, k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh nhi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6f407c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b6f407c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 5. Ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ng men, 170 Ah<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[Ph\u1ecfng theo C&amp;D Technologies<\/strong> www. cdtechno .com \/ pdf \/ ref \/ 41_2128_0212.pdf<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 17, Trang 21]<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c, Volts<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p><strong>T\u1ea1o kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, ml m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p><strong>T\u1ea1o kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, ml tr\u00ean Ah m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat<\/strong> <strong>\u00ba<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, Ampe<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang, miliampe tr\u00ean Ah\u00ba<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>&lt;  2.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\"> <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>2.35 B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00fat kh\u00ed<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>2.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>2.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.0088<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>2.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>2.46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>3.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.0206<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>3.53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>2.51<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.0588<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>1.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>8.24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"139\">\n<p>2.56<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"107\">\n<p>24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>0.1412<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"122\">\n<p>17.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00ba Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n <\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69de1ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69de1ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 6. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i cho pin VRLA v\u00e0 AGM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[Ph\u1ecfng theo C&amp;D Technologies<\/strong> www. cdtechno.com \/pdf\/ref\/41_2128_0212.pdf<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 18, Trang 22]<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\" width=\"210\">\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i (Volts)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"420\">\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, mA tr\u00ean Ah<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>Pin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>Pin AGM VR<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.20<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>0.005<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>0.02<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.225<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.275<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>9.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.325<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>39<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>46<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.375<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>53<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>38<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>62<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.425<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>2.45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>52<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"210\">\n<p>79<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91c70a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"91c70a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 7. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i cho pin canxi, gel v\u00e0 AGM VRLA ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau cho 2,3 volt tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cell s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[Ph\u1ecfng theo C&amp;D Technologies<\/strong> www. cdtechno. com \/ pdf \/ ref \/ 41_2128_0212.pdf<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 19, Trang 22]<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"2\">\n<p><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o,<\/strong> <strong>\u00b0<\/strong> <strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"3\">\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, mA tr\u00ean Ah <sub>20<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Pin canxi b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Pin th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p><strong>Pin AGM VR<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.65<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.375<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.425<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.25<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>4.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>45<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>0.875<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>7.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>3.75<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>11.1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>60<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>1.4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1050c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1050c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>S\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a pin. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u pin gel.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3ng 8. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m chu k\u1ef3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gel so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i (\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb cho l\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c <strong>2,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,35 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>www. Eastpenn-deka. com \/ asset \/ base \/ 0139.pdf<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>S\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gel<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">\n<p>100<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>0,3 V n\u1eefa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">\n<p>90<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>Th\u00eam 0,5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">\n<p>80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"123\">\n<p>0,7 n\u1eefa<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"246\">\n<p>40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Ron D. Brost [<strong>Ron D. Brost, Proc. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb pin h\u00e0ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Long Beach, 1998, trang 25-29.]<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1p xe tr\u00ean 12V<\/p>\n<p>VRLA (Delphi) \u0111\u1ebfn 80% DOD \u1edf 30, 40 v\u00e0 50 <sup>o<\/sup> C. Pin ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3 100% \u1edf 2 gi\u1edd sau m\u1ed7i 25 chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf 25 <sup>p<\/sup> C \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 \u1edf 30 <sup>o<\/sup> C l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 475 trong khi, con s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 360 v\u00e0 135, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u1edf 40 v\u00e0 50 <sup>o<\/sup> C.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e12239a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e12239a\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1dd8097\" data-id=\"1dd8097\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e62fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e62fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 phao v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd<\/p>\n<p>H\u00ecnh 3. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd phao v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a phao v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a phao<\/p>\n<p><strong>[Malcolm Winter, H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 pin ERA <sup>l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/sup> 3, ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1982, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o ERA s\u1ed1 81-102, trang 3.3.1. \u0111\u1ebfn <\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b8192c8\" data-id=\"b8192c8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cf4e73e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cf4e73e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-3-Float-life-on-float-voltage-pnbwk577a80ias47za37q05v3ax4si46dmd0geg5cg.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 3 Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a phao tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i\" alt=\"Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3da8b82 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3da8b82\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c l\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c \u00f4 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c \u00f4 AGM VR. L\u00fd do n\u1eb1m \u1edf th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3. B\u1ea3ng sau \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Do kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o AGM n\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o gel c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27595e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27595e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 9. Lo\u1ea1i pin v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>sv-zanshin .com \/ r \/ manuals \/ sonnenschein _gel_handbook_part1.pdf]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"461\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"83\">\n<p>\u00d4 b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp, OPzS<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"91\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u0103ng sinh, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Sonnenschein A600<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o AGM, Absolyte IIP<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u0103ng sinh, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Sonnenschein A400<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"95\">\n<p>T\u1ebf b\u00e0o AGM, Marathon M, FT<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"83\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"91\">\n<p>0,85 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,99<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p>0,55 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,64<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"95\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"83\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"91\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p>0,61 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,68<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"95\">\n<p>0,56 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,73<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"83\">\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"91\">\n<p>1,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"96\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"97\">\n<p>1,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"95\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c123814 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c123814\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p lan truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean ph\u00ed phao<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p lan truy\u1ec1n trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i pin VR v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng phao thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1c nhau sau khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea1c phao. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3i, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (do gi\u1ea3m \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ea5m \u00e2m); C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cao h\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a hydro.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ba6942 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ba6942\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u00f4 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u00f4 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p cao h\u01a1n (do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a hydro) so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (do chu k\u1ef3 oxy). M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/p>\n<p>c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi Nelson [1. RF Nelson \u1edf Rand, DAJ; Moseley, PT; Garche. Ch\u1eef J; Parker, CD (Eds.) \u1eaec quy axit-ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng van, Elsevier, New York, 2004, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9, trang 266 <em>v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo<\/em> . 2. RF Nelson, K\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Pin Axit-Ch\u00ec l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 4, San Francisco, CA, Hoa K\u1ef3, 25\u201327 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1990, trang 31\u201360.].<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-951c7bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"951c7bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>B\u1ea3ng 10. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eebng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR l\u0103ng tr\u1ee5 300 Ah trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng 48-V \/ 600-Ah n\u1ed5i \u1edf 2,28 v\u00f4n tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[RF Nelson \u1edf Rand, DAJ; Moseley, PT; Garche. Ch\u1eef J; Parker, CD (Eds.) <em>\u1eaec quy axit-ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng van<\/em> , Elsevier, New York, 2004, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9, trang 266 <em>v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo<\/em> ]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<table width=\"717\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"186\">\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"173\">\n<p><strong>Sau 30 ng\u00e0y &#8216;ph\u00ed th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"172\">\n<p><strong>Sau 78 ng\u00e0y &#8216;ph\u00ed th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"186\">\n<p><strong>Ph\u00ed th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i sau 106 ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">\n<p>D\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, V<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p>Spread, mV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\">\n<p>D\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, V<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"79\">\n<p>Spread, mV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\">\n<p>D\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, v<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p>Spread, mV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\">\n<p>D\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p, V<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"84\">\n<p>Spread, mV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"108\">\n<p>2,23 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,31<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p>80<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\">\n<p>2,21 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,37<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"79\">\n<p>160<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"94\">\n<p>2,14 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"78\">\n<p>280<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"101\">\n<p>2,15 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"84\">\n<p>250<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-423316c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"423316c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed (2,42 V) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 2,28 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh phao v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng \u00b1 2,5% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a 2,3<\/p>\n<p>VOLTS M\u1ed6I T\u1ebe B\u00c0O, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng 2,24 &#8211; 2,36 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng 60mV \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 2,3V). [ <strong>Hans Tuphorn, J. Power Sources, 40 (1992) 47-61<\/strong> ]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf9898c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf9898c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fc900a4\" data-id=\"fc900a4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e97261 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8e97261\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hinh 4. <strong>S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 l\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n 370V Pin phao m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i = 2,23 Vpc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[Hans Tuphorn, J. Power Sources, 40 (1992) 47-61]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2594a4c\" data-id=\"2594a4c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-776f8ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"776f8ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-4-pnbwjuuz71mcr2j8nnmbgkrsk2c3ftz4o76o6cvh8w.jpg\" title=\"hinh 4\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08f85e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08f85e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p di \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i. Th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<strong> <\/strong>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean pin VR vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng 48V \/ 100Ah minh h\u1ecda th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c \u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i \u1edf 2,3 V m\u1ed7i \u00f4 v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng 0 <em>.<\/em> 4 <em>&#8211;<\/em> 0 <em>.<\/em> 6 mA \/ Ah v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n<p>\u00f4, \u00f4 trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh b\u1eb1ng nhau). \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao cho chu\u1ed7i l\u00e0 2,3 V x 24 \u00f4 = 55,2 V.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0293003 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0293003\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>B\u1ea3ng 11. 2.3 V S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a pin Vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng Pin 48 V, 100 Ah, v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 0 <em>.<\/em> 4 <em>&#8211;<\/em> 0 <em>.<\/em> 6 mA \/ Ah<\/p>\n<p>[Matthews, K; Papp, B, RF Nelson, trong <em>Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n 12<\/em> , Keily, T; Baxter, BW (eds) International Power Sources Symp. \u1ee6y ban, Leatherhead, Anh, 1989, trang 1 &#8211; 31]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a77524 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a77524\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<table width=\"659\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p><strong>Kh\u00f4ng. c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00f4 t\u0103ng l\u00ean, Volts<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p><strong>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i t\u0103ng l\u00ean (mA m\u1ed7i Ah)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o t\u0103ng l\u00ean,<\/strong> <strong>\u00b0<\/strong> <strong>C<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p><strong>Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, gi\u1edd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>M\u1ed9t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>2,4 (55,2 \u00f7 23)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>2.5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>Hai<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>2,51 (55,2 \u00f7 22)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">\n<p>T\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>S\u1ed1 ba<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>2,63 (55,2 \u00f7 21)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>24<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">\n<p>B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham gia qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>B\u1ed1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>2,76 (55,2 \u00f7 20)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>22<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"99\">\n<p>1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"162\">\n<p>\u0110i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00ed H <sub>2<\/sub> S sinh ra<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af71ef7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"af71ef7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111o\u1ea3n m\u1ea1ch 1 ho\u1eb7c 2 \u00f4 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <em>&gt; <\/em>60 \u00b0 C v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u1ea1c cao ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n 2,4 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cell), ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3i ra kh\u00ed H2S ho\u1eb7c SO2. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thau xung quanh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 hoen \u1ed1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p di \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a pin tr\u00ean phao.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bde574e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bde574e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n phao cao d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cao h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i pin. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u00ean trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR (do chu tr\u00ecnh oxy v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c), kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau tan b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Khi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng do sinh kh\u00ed (O <sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 H <sub>2<\/sub> ) s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfng b\u00ecnh t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t:<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-150fce5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"150fce5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b65d9b4\" data-id=\"b65d9b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a08e79a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a08e79a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-5-Thermal-runaway-1-pnbwjlglap9hiyww6jk1rn56m7mfauxtawntdl9ez4.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 5 S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t 1\" alt=\"Ch\u00e1y do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Ch\u00e1y do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1ab040c\" data-id=\"1ab040c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fed771 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4fed771\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-5-Thermal-runaway-2-pnbwja6j0ou1nnda0eoixpznhl60qhp19ctzm9q51s.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 5 S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t 2\" alt=\"Ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Ng\u1eafn m\u1ea1ch do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b96609 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b96609\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2c49b4\" data-id=\"a2c49b4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d06364b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d06364b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-5-Thermal-runaway-3-pnbwix0sd0c153we58zqytb766yvqq8sjjp6we9ngw.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 5 S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t 3\" alt=\"Ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y container do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y container do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-11d4d6c\" data-id=\"11d4d6c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4191690 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4191690\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-5-Thermal-runaway-4-pnbwimok9txvlebetmiupdx4mydue23qu4iumcozdc.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 5 S\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t 4\" alt=\"N\u1ed5 do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">N\u1ed5 do nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cae5c97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cae5c97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 5. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[https: \/\/ www. cpsiwa. com \/ wp-content \/ uploads \/ 2017\/08 \/ 14.-VRLA-Battery-White-Paper-Final-1.pdf]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51c7a41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"51c7a41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Phao \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gia t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd VRLA nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec. H\u00ecnh [ <strong>Piyali Som v\u00e0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Joe Szymborski, Proc. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb pin h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng &amp; Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1998, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang California, Long Beach, CA trang 285-290<\/strong><strong>]<\/strong> cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 40 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 mV). M\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. N\u1ebfu m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng (PPP) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5eb9f7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5eb9f7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-bd34454\" data-id=\"bd34454\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21a3b38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21a3b38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 6. T\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u01b0\u01a1ng so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>[Piyali Som v\u00e0 Joe Szymborski, Proc. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb pin h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng &amp; Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, Th\u00e1ng 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1998, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang California, Long Beach, CA trang 285-290]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-882e9be\" data-id=\"882e9be\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d312bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3d312bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Figure-6.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 6\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">T\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1edbi d\u01b0\u01a1ng so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3e01c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3e01c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf m\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng (PPP) l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. <strong>H\u00ecnh 7<\/strong> cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u01a1ng (PPP) cho <strong>c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf<\/strong> <strong>b\u1ed1n<\/strong> <strong>nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong> kh\u00e1c nhau. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1edf m\u1ea1ch (OCV) ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi m\u1ed9t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o axit-ch\u00ec c\u00f3 OCV l\u00e0 2,14 V (OCV ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 axit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y pin (OCV = tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang + 0,84 V) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i \u1edf hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf 2,21 V, n\u00f3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng 2210- 2140 = 70 mV. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c t\u1ea5m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 40 \u0111\u1ebfn 120 mili v\u00f4n. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p phao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 2,30 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d60e6ba elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d60e6ba\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e09e8f\" data-id=\"3e09e8f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2fdd8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a2fdd8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 7. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng [Piyali Som v\u00e0 Joe Szymborski, Proc. 13<\/strong>th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 <strong>Pin h\u00e0ng n\u0103m Conf. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng &amp; Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1998, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Bang California, Long Beach, CA trang 285-290]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1a3100a\" data-id=\"1a3100a\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ee6433 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3ee6433\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-7-pnbwhtjkdytzlhhqjrxf239u80dgrfw2e4asqrw6q8.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 7\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c76add5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c76add5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Phao s\u1ea1c pin \u00f4 t\u00f4<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n s\u1ea1c pin n\u1ed5i cho \u1eafc quy \u00f4 t\u00f4 (ho\u1eb7c \u1eafc quy kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c pin SLI), anh ta n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd cho ph\u00e9p pin v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho \u1eafc quy \u00f4 t\u00f4 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1eafc quy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hay c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3 h\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc7e843 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc7e843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (\u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ampe) c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a pin, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1edd ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n 24 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1eafc quy \u00f4 t\u00f4 lo\u1ea1i 12V, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 60 Ah, n\u1ebfu x\u1ea3 h\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i trong 25 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 gi\u1edd v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho \u1eafc quy \u1edf m\u1ee9c 2 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 ampe.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b84d755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b84d755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ah, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>T\u1eeb nh\u00e3n tr\u00ean pin<\/li>\n<li>Bi\u1ebft lo\u1ea1i pin cho chi\u1ebfc xe c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1eeb x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef (RC) n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean pin<\/li>\n<li>T\u1eeb x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng CCA (ampe tay quay l\u1ea1nh) n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean pin (Tham kh\u1ea3o Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n pin Starter n\u00e0o cung c\u1ea5p x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng RC v\u00e0 CCA. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 IS 14257).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b03d11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b03d11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Theo \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c pin.<\/p>\n<p>Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i pin kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ampe k\u1ebf tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,4 ampe kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i trong hai \u0111\u1ebfn ba gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09109e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09109e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Phao s\u1ea1c LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> pin<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea1c pin VR v\u00e0 LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> l\u00e0 pin gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea1c \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i (CC) (\u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 80%)<\/li>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: Chuy\u1ec3n sang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CP khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t (S\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y)<\/li>\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt (T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ebf b\u00e0o LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> do nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i \u0111i k\u00e8m \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c97643f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c97643f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i pin l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng s\u1ea1c. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> \u00f4, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao t\u1edbi 1 C ampe. Nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p pin VR, khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 0,4 CA. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p pin LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> , ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin VR, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t 2 gi\u1edd \u1edf 0,4 CA v\u00e0 9 gi\u1edd \u1edf 0,1 C A.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f4d345c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f4d345c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t \u00edt th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> cell (th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 15 ph\u00fat), trong khi m\u1ea5t 4 gi\u1edd (0,4 CA) \u0111\u1ebfn 2 gi\u1edd (0,1 CA).<\/p>\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 gi\u1edd trong khi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR m\u1ea5t 6 gi\u1edd (\u1edf m\u1ee9c s\u1ea1c 0,4 CA v\u00e0 2,45 V CP) \u0111\u1ebfn 11 gi\u1edd (\u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u00ed 0,1 CA v\u00e0 2,30 V CP) <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-902d0f6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"902d0f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8628f1e\" data-id=\"8628f1e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e847faf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e847faf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>H\u00ecnh 8. \u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR Panasonic \u1edf 2,45 V v\u00e0 2,3V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau <strong>[https: \/\/eu.industrial. panasonic.com\/sites\/default\/pidseu\/files\/downloads\/files\/id_vrla_handbook_e.pdf]<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-eedd73f\" data-id=\"eedd73f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4c6445 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c4c6445\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Figure-8.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 8\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR Panasonic \u1edf 2,45 V v\u00e0 2,3V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nhau\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1e76a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1e76a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/p>\n<p>X\u1ea3: D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i 0,05 CA (t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 20 gi\u1edd)<\/p>\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1eaft: 1,75 V m\u1ed7i \u00f4<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ea1c: 2,45 V m\u1ed7i \u00f4 &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p> 2,30 V m\u1ed7i \u00f4 ___________<\/p>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: 20 \u00b0 C<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-87ed269 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87ed269\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5d222a2\" data-id=\"5d222a2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d13a9bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d13a9bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 9. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin VRLA<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[https: \/\/ www. \u0111i\u1ec7n-\u00e2m. com \/ blog \/ how-to-charge-lithium-iron- phosphate-lifepo4-battery \/]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-11cfa59\" data-id=\"11cfa59\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d9c80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"63d9c80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-9-pnc0zjnw9s8166ks6okl2a2xon8z4nxhal4bao3o5s.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 9\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 9. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin VRLA\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9634dde elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9634dde\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ede9885\" data-id=\"ede9885\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee1a2b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee1a2b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 10. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[https: \/\/ www. power-sonic.com\/blog\/how-to-charge-lithium-iron-phosphate -lifepo4-battery \/]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cf4b49\" data-id=\"4cf4b49\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d61b95 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0d61b95\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-10-LiFePO4-battery-charging-profile-pnc0za9idfv5y2yfpkibdcgbqsjazow5xalghwhlw0.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 10 C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin LiFePO4\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 10. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c pin LiFePO4\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e8b300 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e8b300\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> cell. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR sau th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o, c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt \u1edf m\u1ee9c 2,25 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,3 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf 100% SOC v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn 70% SOC m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong 180 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn 365 ng\u00e0y l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba1e27e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba1e27e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1ed1i \u0111a 4,2 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong kho\u1ea3ng \u00b1 25 \u0111\u1ebfn 50 mV tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u00f4, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ebf b\u00e0o v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 1C ampe cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u0111a, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea1c \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 0,03 C, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1edf kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. V\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 1 C ampe, pin lithium-ion c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y trong 2,5 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79ca2e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79ca2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean 1,5 C ampe. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u 2,0 C ampe th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e9p, v\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c. [Walter A. van Schalkwijk trong <em>Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion,<\/em> Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds.), Kluwer Academic, New York, 2002, Ch 15, trang 463 <em>et seq.<\/em> ]<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho LiFePO <sub>4<\/sub> cell, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t cao cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45a2324 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"45a2324\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin Li-ion 100 Ah \u1edf 100 ampe (1C ampe) trong khi pin VR t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a 40 ampe (0,4C ampe). D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Li s\u1ebd l\u00e0 3 ampe \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin n\u00e0y, trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin VR, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i cu\u1ed1i s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 50 mA. T\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Li v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 10 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba39c3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ba39c3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Li trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VRLA, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt sau 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 th\u00e1ng. T\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf 100% SOC, trong khi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lithium ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi 100% SOC.<\/p>\n<p>Pin Li-ion \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c th\u00eam. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho pin Li-ion \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfng pin. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat s\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 b\u1eafn n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd pin (BMS)<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam, vui l\u00f2ng tham kh\u1ea3o <a href=\"https:\/\/battlebornbatteries.com\/charging-battleborn-lifepo4-batteries\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/battlebornbataries.com\/charging-battleborn-lifepo4-bataries\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.electronicsweekly.com\/market-sectors\/power\/float-charging-lithium-ion-cells-2006-02\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.electronicsweekly.com\/market-sectors\/power\/float-charging-lithium-ion-cells-2006-02\/<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3b20a97 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3b20a97\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7e92ae9\" data-id=\"7e92ae9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07e0648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"07e0648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>H\u00ecnh 11. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch Li-ion ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[Walter A. van Schalkwijk trong <em>Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong pin Lithium-Ion,<\/em> Walter A. van Schalkwijk v\u00e0 Bruno Scrosati (Eds.), Kluwer Academic, New York, 2002, Ch 15, trang 464.]<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-81c845f\" data-id=\"81c845f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b054886 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b054886\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Figure-11-Stages-of-charge-for-a-standard-Li-ion-charge-algorithm-pnc0yx3rprd5fjhjuetjefrvfec5zxfx7hgns114b4.jpg\" title=\"H\u00ecnh 11 C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch cho m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch Li-ion ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 11. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00ednh ph\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch Li-ion ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-892a699 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"892a699\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Phao s\u1ea1c pin lithium ion &#8211; \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p n\u1ed5i lithium ion<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi pin Li-ion. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn 70% SOC m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 th\u00e1ng n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bac6c7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bac6c7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25ab361 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25ab361\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>S\u1ea1c l\u1eeba<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed. Ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ch\u1ec9 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a pin, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 40<\/p>\n<p>c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t danh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn 100 mA \/ 100 Ah c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea1c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec (ph\u00ed nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt). Nh\u1eefng pin n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n x\u1ea3. Sau khi h\u1ebft pin <strong>\u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y, c\u1ea7n ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, pin s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ph\u00ed <strong>phao<\/strong> l\u00e0 <strong>\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/strong> v\u00e0 pin lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-728cee2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"728cee2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea1c pin trong bao l\u00e2u?<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a84299 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a84299\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0110i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee7 cao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a pin v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec pin lu\u00f4n trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n sau khi gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i. Pin kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb s\u1ea1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. Khi kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n phao s\u1ebd l\u00e0 200 \u0111\u1ebfn 400 mA tr\u00ean 100 Ah dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p>Pin kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c. Pin n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean thanh b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79511db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79511db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh d\u00f2ng s\u1ea1c phao<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>B\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c phao cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n sau khi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a pin. V\u00ec v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u00f2ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 0,4C ampe. V\u00ec s\u1ea1c phao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, pin s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 pin VR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i \u1edf 2.3 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i cell. Pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 0,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,4 A tr\u00ean 100 Ah dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-471a3eb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"471a3eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa s\u1ea1c t\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u1ea1c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi pin \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n pin kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 SOC kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho<\/p>\n<p>c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p. Do \u0111\u00f3, pin axit-ch\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u1edf d\u00f2ng cao t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 SOC c\u1ee7a pin. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c nhanh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ea1c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c t\u0103ng \u00e1p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea1c \u1edf 100A v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 80A. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 48-50 <sup>o<\/sup> C.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3724869 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3724869\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ph\u00ed n\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf 2,25 \u0111\u1ebfn 2,3 V tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o VR. Ph\u00ed phao gi\u1eef cho pin lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Pin lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n cao, gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 0,2 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,4 A tr\u00ean 100 Ah dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pin khi pin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f117f28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f117f28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ea1c v\u00e0 s\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>C\u00e1c <strong>s\u1ea1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/strong> \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea1c CC-CP (IU) khi pin nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;<strong>giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1c s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn<\/strong> \u201dv\u00e0 ph\u00ed <strong>ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/strong> trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>&#8220;Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/strong> &#8221; v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1ea1c \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 CP n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>\u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5.<\/strong><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87ffa18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87ffa18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, vui l\u00f2ng vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ecdc t\u00ednh ph\u00ed phao b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Hindi trong menu ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c. Vui l\u00f2ng xem li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 <a href=\"https:\/\/batteryuniversity.com\/article\/bu-403-charging-lead-acid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s\u1ea1c phao<\/a> <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pin d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng &amp; S\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i \u1eaec quy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (UPS), v.v., \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i) \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng OCV + x mV. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a x ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45111,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[254],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bo-sac-sac-pin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=47148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/45111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=47148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=47148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/microtexindia.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=47148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}